Optimum Design Of Small Sugarcane Harvester Cutter And Experimental Research

With the continuous advancement of the agricultural mechanization process,the realization of the full mechanization of the sugarcane industry has attracted more and more attention in the industry.However,the high breakage rate of sugar cane perennial roots during harvesting has been restricting the progress of sugar cane mechanization.Since the parts of the sugarcane harvester that are directly related to the cutting quality of sugar cane are cutters,many scholars at home and abroad have begun to focus on the optimization of cutter performance.This article also uses the cutter as the research object,and optimizes its structure to reduce the breakage rate of sugarcane perennial roots.The main research work is as follows:First,this paper first introduces the rule of influence of the vibration amplitude of the cutterhead in the cutter on the cutting quality of the sugarcane,and then discusses the principle of vibration reduction of the cutterhead from the perspective of dynamics.The analysis results show that the imbalance of the cutterhead quality leads to the cutterhead One of the main factors of vibration;through a large number of simulations and experimental studies,it is concluded that the stiffness of the cutter has a great influence on the vibration of the cutterhead,and the two influencing factors provide the theoretical basis for the following research.Second,the cutter has been targeted for optimal design.1 Combined with the theoretical analysis of the imbalance of the cutter and the experimental study of the unbalanced mass on the spiral lifting mechanism,the spiral number of the screw lifting mechanism of the cutter is changed from 2 to 3 or 4,and the spiral rod and knife are improved at the same time.The connection between the shafts makes the quality distribution of the improved spiral more uniform,the dynamic balance is more stable,and the cutter stiffness is also improved;2 The stiffness of the cutter model is optimized using the Optim module in the Hyperworks software.Optimize the analysis,and then combine the optimization results and the overall structure distribution of the cutter to propose three reinforcement schemes for the connection between the cutterhead and the cutter shaft,so that the optimized first-order natural frequency is increased by 43.48%,and the second-order natural frequency is improved.43.85%;integrated displacement and Z-direction displacement reduced by 43.28% and 33.06%,respectivelyThirdly,using Adams simulation software,the optimized cutters were modeled and simulated under two different conditions of no-loading and cane-cutting respectively.The analysis results show that the amplitude of the cutterhead gradually decreases with the increase of the number of helical roots under no-load conditions,and the maximum reduction amplitude is 32.1%.The connection between the cutterhead and the cutter shaft is optimized from the original scheme to the cutter stiffness optimization.In the three reinforcement schemes,the amplitude of the cutterhead is gradually reduced,and the maximum amplitude reduction is 45.2%.The optimal combination is the third optimization scheme and four spirals;under the shearing cane condition,with the increase in the number of spirals,The amplitude of the cutterhead has been significantly reduced,and the amplitude has been reduced by 54.2%.From the original scheme to the optimization of the stiffness of the cutter,the amplitude of the cutterhead is reduced gradually and the amplitude of the cutter is reduced.For 43.1%,the optimal combination is a third optimization scheme and four spirals.Simulation results show that improving the imbalance of the cutterhead quality and improving the stiffness of the cutter can significantly improve the problem of excessive cutterhead vibration.Fourth,through the physical test on the improved cutter to do physical verification.The test results show that the optimization of the screw number,screw connection and stiffness of the cutter has achieved relatively obvious results,the amplitude of the cutterhead is significantly reduced,the quality of the cut cane is significantly improved,and the breakage rate is significantly reduced.At the same time,it is found that different schemes for the connection and reinforcement of the cutterhead and the cutter shaft in the optimization of the number of spirals,cutterhead rotation speed and cutter stiffness have a greater influence on the amplitude of the cutterhead.Through the design of orthogonal tests,the results show that the three factors affect the amplitude of the cutterhead.The order of influence is the number of spirals>stiffness optimization plan>knifehead rotation speed;the optimal combination plan is that the number of spiral roots is 4,the cutter head speed is 600 r/min,and the cutter shaft is connected to the cutterhead in the stiffness optimization.A third option for reinforcement.