A Study On The Design Of The Feeding Machine For The Leaves Of The Silkworm

With the rapid development of China’s market economy and the in-depth adjustment of the agricultural industrial structure,the traditional sericulture began to transform to the modern sericulture.In order to improve the competitiveness of the sericulture industry and the economic benefits of sericulture farmers,most of the major sericulture areas currently adopt the mode of co-breeding of small silkworm.However,as a key link in the process of co-breeding,the feeding of small silkworms still relies on manual operation,and faces many problems such as low labor efficiency and high production cost,which is difficult to meet the development requirements of modern sericulture.Based on this,this paper studies and designs a mulberry leaf feeder specially used in the process of small silkworms co-breeding,which can complete the work of automatic silkworm feeding,improve the technical level of silkworm feeding equipment,solve some problems restricting the development of sericulture industry,and to a certain extent promote the sustainable and healthy development of traditional sericulture to modern sericulture industry.In this paper,firstly,the overall scheme of mulberry leaf feeder is designed,and the key structure of mulberry leaf feeder is analyzed theoretically and the relevant parameters are calculated,and the range of some structural parameters is given;then,the simulation analysis is carried out by using EDEM software,and the optimal combination of some structural parameters of mulberry leaf feeder is further determined;Finally,the prototype is made and the field test is carried out around the whole machine performance and feeding effect to verify whether the structure of mulberry leaf feeder meets the actual application requirements.The functions of the machine include: reasonable feeding time for young silkworms,adjustment of feeding amount for mulberry leaves at different ages,reasonable feeding uniformity,adjustable spreading width of mulberry leaves at different ages,and reduction of mulberry leaf waste.Its main research contents include:(1)The overall scheme of mulberry leaf feeder was designed.Firstly,the design method and overall design flow of this paper are described,and the design principle of mulberry leaf feeder is formulated according to the actual needs of sericulture technicians and considering the working condition and working environment of the cobreeding site of small silkworms;then,combining with the component structure diagram,the conveying device,transmission system and the mechanical structure of each part of the blanking baffle of the mulberry leaf feeder are described in detail,and the working principle of the mulberry leaf feeder installed on the small silkworm cobreeding intelligent feeder is described in detail;at last,the three functions of mulberry leaf feeder,which are the adjustment of mulberry leaf feeding quantity,the reasonable feeding uniformity and the adjustment of feeding width in different ages,are explained with the structure diagram of key components.(2)The key structure of mulberry leaf feeder was designed.Combined with the general scheme of mulberry leaf feeder,the structure of conveying device,transmission system and blanking baffle are designed and analyzed theoretically.According to the practical application of the conveying device and the material characteristics of mulberry leaves,the inclined conveying mode of single point drive is selected,and the inclination of the conveying belt is preliminarily determined to be 45 °,The conveying process and movement state of mulberry leaves are emphatically analyzed,and the PVC conveyor belt with lawn pattern is selected;according to the analysis of the movement process of the conveying device and transmission system,the chain transmission mode is selected,and the transmission system design and parameter calculation are completed.The range of the second stage transmission ratio(from the driving roller to the lower driving roller)is 0.96~1.28,and the range of the third stage transmission ratio(from the lower driving roller to the upper driving roller)is 0.4~0.62;according to the functional requirements of mulberry leaf material scattering,the design and parameters of the blanking baffle are determined.(3)The structure parameters of mulberry leaf feeder were simulated by EDEM software.In order to independently study the influence of three factors on feeding uniformity,which are the driving ratio from the driving roller to the lower driving roller,the driving ratio from the lower driving roller to the upper driving roller and the inclination angle of the conveyor belt,and further determine the optimal parameter combination of the partial structure of mulberry leaf feeder,this paper uses the EDEM discrete element simulation software to simulate the movement process of mulberry leaf particles in the feeder.The relationship between conveyor belt speed and uniformity is obtained by single factor simulation test.Then use orthogonal simulation test analysis of mulberry leaf particles on different material under the roller speed,drive roller rotation speed and conveyer belt Angle combination the trajectories and distribution of cases in the silkworm winnowing uniformity,ultimately determine the conveyer belt Angle 45 °,to catch the feed roller gear ratio under the driving drum is 1.01,the material on roller to drive roller transmission ratio is 0.5,for the structure of the feeding machine is the best parameter combination of partial structure.(4)The structure is tested and the test results are analyzed.The performance of the whole machine is tested from two functional indexes of reliability and feeding time.The results show that the whole machine is stable and reliable,and the feeding time to complete a single silkworm bump is not more than 18 s,which meets the requirements of parameter design;the feeding effect was tested from four functional indexes: feeding thickness,feeding uniformity,feeding accuracy and mulberry leaf waste,the test results show that: the first instar silkworm is in the range of motor speed from 46 r / min to 209r/min;the second instar silkworm is in the range of motor speed from 93 r / min to 232r/min;the third instar silkworms are in the range of motor speed from 139r/min to 301r/min,all the indexes of feeding effect can meet the design requirements.