Comparative Analysis Of Transcriptomic MRNA And MiRNA Of Pituitary Between Follicular Phase And Luteal Phase In Female Yaks

Yak?Bos grunniens?is the dominant animal in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Yaks provide essential means of production and livehood to the local peoples.However,the reproductive performance of the yak is low and there is little information about effects of yak pituitary on regulation of estrous cycle.Therefore,in this study,anterior pituitary tissues of follicular and luteal stages of Maiwa yaks were collected to construct c DNA libraries respectively.The libraries were sequenced using the Hi Seq^TM2500 high-throughput sequencing method.Sequencing results were annotated and analyzed by bioinformatic methods.Differences of transcriptome and mi RNAs of yak pituitary between follicular phase and luteal phase were comparatively analyzed.?1?Comparative analysis of yak pituitary transcriptome between follicular phase and luteal phase.A total of 55 386 722 and 60 942 518 clean reads were obtained in follicular phase and luteal phase,respectively,of which,83.71%and 84.89%were covered in the yak reference genome.There were 9 988 and 14 093 SNPs,respectively.When?log₂Fold Change??1 and False Discovery Rate?FDR??0.01were set as thresholds for identifying the differentially expressed genes?DEGs?,439DEGs were identified as up-regulated genes and 198 DEGs as down-regulated genes in follicular phase related to luteal phase.The GO distributions of the DEGs were classified into three categories:biological processe,cellular component and molecular function.KEGG annotation showed that DEGs participated in 254 pathways,and significantly enriched in 25 pathways.?2?Comparative analysis of yak pituitary mi RNAs between follicular phase and luteal phase.After sequencing results were aligned to mi RBase database,a total of 18912 162 and 17 393 029 clean tags were obtained in follicular phase and luteal phase respectively.A total of 34 mi RNAs were identified as down-regulated and 20mi RNAs as up-regulated in yak pituitary in follicular phase relative to luteal phase.A total of 172 772 target genes were predicted.These mi RNAs were mainly enriched in biological processe,cellular component and molecular function.They participated in326 pathways,of which,8 were significantly enriched.In conclusion,this was the first study for analyzing transcriptome and mi RNAs of yak pituitary in follicular phase and luteal phase using RNA-Seq.A number of DEGs and mi RNAs and their function,classification and metabolic pathways were discovered.These results provided a theoretical foundation to uncover biological function of yak pituitary and the molecular mechanism that yak pituitary regulates its estrous cycle.