| The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sanguinarine(SAG)and/or achyranthes polysaccharides(ABP)on the growth performance and immune performance of yellow feather broilers alone or in combination.Three hundred 1-day-old yellow feather broilers were selected and randomly divided into five treatments,blank group(basal diet),SAG group(basal diet + 0.75 mg/kg SAG),ABP group(basal diet + 400 mg/kg ABP),combined group(Basic diet + 0.75 mg/kg SAG + 400 mg/kg ABP),antibiotic group(basal diet + 300 mg/kg bacitracin zinc),each treatments with 6 replicates and 10 replicates each.The whole trial period was 56 days and it was divided into two phases(1-28 days,28-56days).The test results showed that:(1)The experimental treatment had a significant effect on the average daily feed intake,average daily gain,and feed-to-meat ratio of yellow feather broilers of 1～28 d(P<0.05).At 1～28 d,the average daily feed intake of the SAG + ABP group was 9.24%,2.58%,2.69%,5.92% higher than that of the control group,the SAG group,the ABP group and the antibiotic group(P<0.05),the average daily feed intake of the antibiotic group was3.14% higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The average daily gain of the SAG +ABP group was 3.31%,2.65%,and 3.09% higher than that of the control group,the SAG group,and the ABP group(P<0.05).At 28～29 d,the average daily feed intake of the SAG +ABP group was the highest,which was 8.45% and 3.99% higher than that of the control group and the antibiotic group(P<0.05).The average daily gains of the SAG group,the ABP group and the SAG + ABP group were significantly higher than those of the control group and the antibiotic group(P<0.05).The growth effect of SAG and/or ABP is comparable to antibiotics.SAG and ABP had significant interaction effect on the average daily feed intake and average daily gain during the experimental period(P<0.05).(2)SAG and ABP in the diet can increase the proliferation rate of lymphocytes(P<0.05).At 28 d,the proliferation rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in the SAG + ABP group was 13.95%,53.13%,22.50% higher than that of the control group,the ABP group and the antibiotic group(P<0.05).At 56 d,the peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation rate of the SAG + ABP group was 45.00%,23.40%,and 70.59% higher than that of the controlgroup,the SAG group and the antibiotic group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).ABP had significant effect on the lymphocyte proliferation rate during the whole test period(P<0.01),SAG and ABP had a significant interaction effect on the lymphocyte proliferation rate of 28 d(P<0.01).(3)SAG and/or ABP increased the index of immune organs in yellow feather broilers(P>0.05),and there was no significant interaction effect of SAG and ABP on immune organ index(P>0.05).(4)SAG and/or ABP can reduce the levels of AST,ALT,UA,TC and TG.At 28 d,the TC content of the SAG + ABP group respectively decreased by 3.03%(P>0.05)、16.01%(P>0.05),22.89%(P<0.05)、11.85%(P>0.05)compared with the control group,the SAG group,the ABP group and the antibiotic group.The TG content of the SAG+ ABP group decreased by 31.91% compared with the SAG group(P<0.05).SAG and ABP had a significant interaction effect on TC of 1～28 d(P<0.05).SAG and ABP had no significant interaction effect on blood biochemical indicators of 28～56 d(P>0.05).(5)SAG and ABP significantly increased the diameter of splenic nodules and the area of lymphatic sheath around the artery(P<0.05).At 28 days,the diameter of splenic nodules in the SAG + ABP group was 54.59%,41.51%,25.51%,and 39.87%,respectively higher than that of the control group,the SAG group,the ABP group,and the antibiotic group.(P < 0.05).The area of lymphatic sheath around the artery in the SAG + ABP group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05),which were respectively1.99,2.30,2.18,2.21 times compare to the control group,the SAG group,the ABP group,and the antibiotic group.At 56 d,the diameter of the spleen nodules of the SAG + ABP group respectively increased by 27.62%(P < 0.05),23.30%(P < 0.05),1.04%(P> 0.05),26.19%(P <0.05)than that of the control group,the SAG group,the ABP group,and the antibiotic group.SAG had a significant effect on the the area of lymphatic sheath.(P<0.05).ABP had significant(P<0.05)influence on the diameter of splenic nodules and the area of lymphatic sheath.SAG and ABP had no significant interaction effect on the diameter of splenic nodules(P>0.05),and had a significant interaction effect on the area of lymphatic sheath(P<0.05).(6)Compared with the control group and the antibiotic group,the SAG and ABP reduced the average optical density of NF-κB and ERK1/2(P>0.05),and had nosignificant effect or interaction effect on the expression of NF-κB and ERK1/2 in the spleen(P>0.05).In summary,sanguinarine and achyranthes polysaccharides can promote growth and enhance immunity in yellow feather broilers,and both have certain main effects and interaction effects on growth performance,lymphocyte proliferation rate,blood biochemical indicators,the diameter of splenic nodules and periarterial lymphatic sheath. |
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