The Response Of Seasonal Strawberries Introduction And Its Growth Results To Day And Night Temperature In Fujian Province

At present,strawberries are mainly sold in China from November to April of the next year,the supply gap of strawberries is summer and autumn,which greatly restricts the development of strawberry industry.The seasonal strawberry also calls the day neutral strawberry,because its is not sensitive to photoperiod,even in the summer as long as the temperature is appropriate can also be continuous flowering and fruit,cultivation of seasonal strawberry is an effective means to fill the gap in strawberry production.In this experiment,four excellent varieties of strawberry with strong resistance were introduced.Different day and night temperatures were simulated in the artificial climate chamber to explore the biological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality changes of seasonal strawberries,and to screen the suitable growth temperatures of seasonal strawberries.The biological characteristics,pollen viability and fruit quality of the fruit were observed and studied in the medium and high altitude mountain areas of Fujian province,so as to select the seasonal strawberry varieties suitable for cultivation in the medium and high altitude mountain areas of Fujian province,and provide reference for breeding and cultivation of the seasonal strawberry in Fujian province in the future.The main research results are as follows:1.By comparing the growth results of strawberries at different day and night temperatures(25?/16?,28?/19?,30?/21? and 33?/24?)in the artificial climate chamber,the experimental results showed that:(1)Biological characteristics: with the increase of day and night temperature,the plant height,petiole length and leaf area of seasonal strawberry increased first and then decreased.When the day and night temperature exceeded 30 ? /21 ?,the plants were short,the growth potential decreased and the leaves curled.At the same time,the difference of growth characteristics was also related to the varieties.Among the seasonal strawberry varieties,the plant height and leaf area of Albion were significantly lower than the other three varieties,and the leaf curl was particularly serious and the growth potential was poor.(2)Photosynthetic characteristics: photosynthesis is different in different growth stages.When the treatment temperature was 25?/16?and 28?/19?,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)first increased and then decreased with the extension of growth time.When the treatment temperature was 30?/21? and 33?/24?,Pn gradually decreased with the extension of growth time.When the growth days did not exceed 35 days,Pn reached its maximum value at 30?/21? with the increase of day and night temperature.When the growth days exceeded 35 days,Pn gradually decreased with the increase of day and night temperature.(3)Fruit quality: with the increase of day and night temperature,the weight of single fruit,soluble solid and titratable acid of seasonal strawberry showed a trend of gradual decrease,but the overall difference was not significant.At the temperature of 25 ? /16 ? day and night,Monterey and San andres had large fruits,well differentiated flower buds and high yield.2.Preliminary study on the mountain introduction performance of four strawberry varieties was conducted,and the results were as follows:(1)Biological characteristics: among the four varieties,Monterrey and San andres showed better field traits,with survival rates reaching95% after 25 days of colonization,plant height,petiole length and leaf area higher than the other two varieties,and the growth was vigorous.The fruiting period of Portola and Monterey was 3 ~ 5 days earlier than that of San andres.When the temperature of Portola was higher than 28?,the pollen viability was significantly higher than that of other two varieties.The yield of Portola was twice that of San andres,but the rate of malformation was up to 18.75%.The yield of Monterey was second only to that of Portola and Albion.The flower bud of San andreas is relatively poor in differentiation and low in yield.Monterey and San andres had better resistance to root rot and grey mould.(2)Comparison of fruit quality:compared with the other two varieties,the content of soluble sugar in Portola fruit was only 3.15%,significantly lower than that of the other two varieties.Soluble solids,Vc,protein content and hardness were all the lowest.The sugar-acid ratio of San andres was up to 5.56,which was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties.The quality of Monterey fruit is second only to that of San andres,and the hardness is twice that of San andres.The comprehensive comparison shows that in the vegetative growth stage,the plant grows vigorously and has strong photosynthesis under the condition of 30 ? /21 ?,and in the reproductive growth stage,the condition of 25?/16? is more favorable to the photosynthesis of the plant.In terms of variety selection,Monterey performs well in all aspects and can be used as the main local variety.The yield of San andres is relatively low,but the ability of resistant to root rot,grey mould and red spider is strong,and the fruit quality is good.Although the flower bud of Portola variety differentiated well,its growth potential was general.