Research On Interspecific Relationship Of Peanut Intercropped With Apple Trees In The Condition Of Northern Sand Area

Peanut intercropped with apple trees,a typical intercropping agriforestry system in Zhanggutai Sandy area was studied in this research.The growth index,photosynthetic index and underground nutrient distribution,which was studied in time and space respectively,in intercropped ecosystem were developed,which peanut and apple trees were used as a control model.The results indicated that:research on growth index in intercropping systems showed that when the distance between fruit trees and crops was less than 1.0 M,it would have a negative impact on the growth and development of fruit trees and crops,which was manifested in lower yields,new branch growth,taller and smaller stems.When the distance between fruit trees and crops was greater than 3.0 M,although there was no negative impact on the growth of fruit trees and crops,the utilization rate of land was low and the output per unit area was small.When the distance between apple tree and peanut was 3.0 M,the growth index and yield of apple tree and peanut could be better,and the economic benefits could be maximized in the limited space.Photosynthetic index studies showed that the decreased degree of the photosynthetic effective radiation intensity and net photosynthetic rate of intercropping crops were related to the distance from the fruit tree line.The closer to the fruit tree line,the greater the negative impacts were on the crops.The daily changes in porosity,transpiration rate,and intercellular CO₂concentration of the leaves show a"single peak"shape.The maximum value appeared at around13:00,and the minimum values of stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate appeared around9:00.The lowest value of intercellular CO₂ concentration,which was positively correlated with net photosynthetic rat,appeared around 17:00.In the structure optimization of intercropping system,the chosing of the distance between fruit trees and crops should be paid attention to,we should appropriately increase the distance between crops and fruit trees.The results of soil nutrient research showed that for the vertical variation of soil nutrient in intercropping systems,the content of soil nutrient showed that the trend of soil nutrient content decreased with the increase of soil depth,and different nutrient elements varied greatly in different soil layers.For the variation of soil nutrient horizontal in the intercropping system,soil total phosphorus,quick-acting phosphorus nd quick-acting potassium content showed decreasing trend at first and increasing next with increasing spacing.Soil organic matter content showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing spacing.Soil total nitrogen and alkalinity nitrogen content showed a increasing trend with increasing spacing.