Investigation On Main Diseases And Pests Of Facility Vegetables In Wafangdian City And Research On Green Control Technology

The facility vegetable industry in Wafangdian City started from the 1980 s and has an area of about 18,000 hectares currently.With the continuous expansion of the planting area of facility vegetables and the extension of planting time,the occurrence of various diseases and insect pests in the facility vegetable production area is becoming more and more serious.At present,chemical control is the main prevention method.the farmers are insufficient with scientific knowledge about the usage of drugs,has led to blind use of medicines commonly.Not only the output and quality of facility vegetables is affected seriously,but also excessive pesticide residues in vegetables and soil is causeed,human health and ecological safety are affected seriously.In order to promote development of facility vegetables in Wafangdian City in healthy and orderly,the guide production of facility vegetables in Wafangdian City scientifically,formulate a scientific and reasonable pest control plan,and improve the prevention and control effect.The planting area of facility vegetables in Wafangdian City,the structure of vegetable varieties,the types and laws of plant diseases and insect pests were studied,and the demonstration was conducted in the demonstration area by the author's survey and field trials.The practical green prevention and control technology was summarized and the green prevention and control Technology System applicable to Wafangdian City was proposed.The research results are as follows:Through efficacy test in the field,the control effect of 10.5 billion cfu / g B.subtilis wettable powder on cucumber powdery mildew,cucumber gray mold and cucumber downy mildew was up to 80.48%,91.59% and 88.71% respectively,no phytotoxicity to crops was defined,the control effect of 0.5% Lentinan solution 18.75 g / hm2 and 26.25 g / hm2 to tomato virus disease were 73.22% and 76.27%,the control effect of 0.5% Lentinus edodes aqueous solution active ingredient dosage with 26.25 g / hm2 is 78.90% on pepper virus diseases,and can be used as the first choice agent for the production of pollution-free tomatoes and peppers.The application of compound microbial enzymes in the greenhouse has a significant effect on the control of pepper root rot,the control effect is 82.92% from the seedling stage to the early flowering stage.Take the method with 100 times liquid root irrigation when the pepper is colonized,the dosage is 350 m L / plant.The control effect of Aphis spp.on the greenhouse whitefly is different obviously.The bees are released in greenhouse whitefly initially,the preferred number of bees are 225000 and 300,000 heads / hm2.The bees are released for 4 times continuously.Tests indicates that the use of color plates to control greenhouse pests before the outbreak of pests has a significant effect,the population of whitefly,Liriomyza sativae and aphids can be reduced effectively by the yellow plate,the population of thrips can be reduced effectively by the blue plate.The green prevention and control technology system is integrated optimally with organically combines agricultural prevention,physical prevention,biological prevention and use of chemical agents scientifically,is promoted and applicated in the green vegetable prevention and control demonstration area of Wafangdian City,the prevention and control effect of plant vegetables and the quality of vegetables are improved,pesticide residues in vegetables and soil is reduced,the ecological environment is protected.The integration benefits of the demonstration area is passed.