The Relationship Between Yield And Quality Of Liaoning New Japonica Rice Lines And The Effect Of Magnesium And Zinc Fertilizer On Yield And Quality

The rice of northeast China has a good commodity rate and high quality,which plays an important role in the domestic rice market.In this study,89 new rice lines bred in Liaoning rice region in recent years were used as test materials.By measuring the yield and quality characters of rice,the differences between the yield and quality characters of these new rice lines were compared,and the relationship between the yield and quality characters of rice was analyzed.At the same time,the conventional japonica rice Beigeng2 and hybrid japonica rice Liaoyou 5206 were used as test materials to apply different proportions of magnesium and zinc fertilizer,and the combination of magnesium and zinc fertilizer was discussed The effects on the growth and development of Japonica rice,yield and rice quality can provide theoretical basis for breeding new Japonica Rice Varieties with high quality,high yield and high efficiency in the northern rice region in the future and improving the yield and rice quality by improving the cultivation measures.The results show that:1.In recent years,65% of the new rice varieties developed in Liaoning Province have a yield of 9000 kg / hm~2,only 11% have a yield below 8250 kg / hm~2.There are 7 new lines with eating value≥70,35 with eating value between 60-70,35 with eating value between 50-60,and 12 with eating value below 50.Most new lines in Liaoning Province are in the range of high yield and low eating value.According to "GB / t17891-2017 high quality rice",the rate of new rice lines developed in Liaoning Province in recent years has reached 80% of the national high quality rice standard.According to the chalkiness analysis,61% of the varieties met the national standard of high quality rice.According to the analysis of amylose content,66% of amylose content met the national standard.On the whole,11% of the lines meet the national level 2 rice standard,and 19% of the lines meet the national level 3 rice standard.2.The correlation analysis of yield and rice quality showed that ear length was significantly negatively correlated with brown rice rate and milled rice rate,the seed setting rate of primary branch was significantly positively correlated with milled rice rate and milled rice rate,the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree were significantly negatively correlated with ear length,the yield and appearance,balance degree and eating taste value were significantly positively correlated,and the protein content was significantly positively correlated with the number of primary branch and seed density There was a significant negative correlation with spike type index,the final viscosity in RVA characteristic value of starch had a significant positive correlation with seed setting rate of secondary branch,the decreasing value had a significant negative correlation with 1000 grain weight,the peak viscosity had a significant negative correlation with spike type index,the protein content and decreasing value had a significant negative correlation with appearance,viscosity,balance degree,taste value,and the hardness.The results showed that the grain size of the lines with high food value was longer,the protein content was significantly lower than that of the lines with low and medium food value,and the reduction value of the lines with low food value was significantly higher than that of the lines with high food value.3.In recent years,the yield of new rice lines selected in Liaoning Province has decreased slightly,but the quality of rice has improved greatly.From the point of view of increasing yield,the rice yield can be increased by reasonably controlling the number of effective panicles and selecting varieties with suitable number of primary branches and stalks and large panicle type index.From the point of view of improving quality,the varieties with large spike type index have good RVA characteristic value and high taste value.When the attenuation value is about 1005.5cp,the taste is the best;the varieties with high primary branch and stem bearing rate have good processing quality;the varieties with moderate spike length and large grain type(aspect ratio)have good appearance quality;in terms of improving nutritional taste value,the protein content and acidity value are reduced The content of amylose and amylose can improve the quality of rice.Based on the analysis of yield and rice quality,the breeding direction in Liaoning rice region in the future should reasonably control the number of effective panicles,select the varieties with suitable number of primary branches,large panicle type index,moderate panicle length,moderate 1000 grain weight of secondary branches and large grain type(length width ratio),so as to achieve the goal of high yield and good taste.4.The results showed that the treatment of Zn1Mg2 could effectively improve the one thousand grain weight and seed setting rate of Beigeng 2,and improve the nutritional quality of rice.Zn2Mg1 treatment could improve the leaf area index of Liaoyou 5206 and the nutritional quality of rice.The application of Zn and Mg fertilizer significantly increased the milled rice rate of Beigeng 2,and under the treatment of Zn1,the milled rice rate also significantly increased.The application of Zn and Mg fertilizer can affect the yield and quality of rice,but the response of varieties to Zn and Mg fertilizer is different,and the effect of Zn and Mg Fertilizer on the quality of rice is antagonistic.The key to improve the quality of rice is to arrange the ratio of Zn and Mg fertilizer reasonably.