Study On Diversity Of Quality Character Of Nuts In Landrace Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) In Tarim Basin

Walnut germplasm resources of being very abundant in Xinjiang.There are Landrace Walnut germplasm of indigenous species type,wild walnut germplasm of wild type and excellent walnut cultivates in Xinjiang.These phenotypic characters of Xinjiang walnut germplasm resources are rich in genetic diversity.However,production of walnuts is intensively cultivated in Xinjiang because of economic need,so that the walnut varieties are gradually singularized,and the genetic diversity of a large number of excellent walnut germplasm resources was wasted.This study collecting and sorting out the Landrace Walnut resources in different areas of southern Xinjiang,Identification of morphological characteristic of nut phenotypic traits,walnuts quality of the Physiological and biochemical of determination methods,Study on nut phenotypic genetic diversity of Xinjiang Landrace Walnut germplasm resources,Compare the compositional differences of inclusion.The main results are as follows:1.There are large differences in nut phenotypic traits of difference among germplasms of Xinjiang walnut,and there was genetically abundant diversity.Phenotypic trait genetic diversity: Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Xinjiang cultivated walnut.There is a definite relationship between the genetic relationship of Xinjiang walnut in and the geographical distribution.The clustering method is based primarily on cross-hybrid clustering;Comprehensive evaluation of walnut germplasm resources quality in Xinjiang: Xinjiang cultivated walnut > Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang;The single plant comprehensive score of walnut germplasm in xinjiang,among which ‘AKC17',‘Xinjufeng' and ‘HHT27' were excellent in overall traits;2.Twelve quantitative traits,such as nut weight,kernel weight and indexes of nut shape,play an important role in walnut classification.Nut weight,kernel weight,indexes of nut shape,seed shell carcass,kernel rate,kernel shell thickness can be used as reference criteria for walnut quality evaluation and breeding in Xinjiang.Remove suture length,remove width suture,nut shell carcass,and the identification of walnut phenotypic traits has certain reference value;3.The average coefficient of variation of quantitative characters of different Landrace walnut germplasm resources in Xinjiang was 13.79%,among which the coefficient of variation of single kernel weight was the largest,33.86%,and the coefficient of transverse diameter variation was the smallest(7.28%).Correlation analysis showed that there was a high correlation between the 12 quantitative traits,Nut mass and Nut length,Nut shell carcass and Kernel mass,etc.with 44 of which were significantly positively correlated,Nut height and Husk thickness of 1 pair were significantly positively correlated.Nut shell carcass and Indexes of nut shape,Husk thickness and Kernel ratio with 2 pairs were significantly negatively correlated,and the Nut width and Indexes of nut shape,Remove suture width and Husk thickness of 2 pairs were negatively correlated;4.Clearly significant differences among different wild walnut germplasm in Xinjiang,and the variation of nut size in 34 wild walnut accessions tended to be smaller.The average coefficient of variation of 12 quantitative characters was 9.53%,among which the coefficient of variation of single kernel weight was the largest,19.98%,and the coefficient of nut three diameter mean variation was the smallest(5.20%).Correlation analysis showed that there was a high correlation between the 12 quantitative traits,Nut mass and Nut length,Kernel mass and Kernel ratio,etc.with 37 of which were significantly positively correlated,the Remove suture width with Nut width and Husk thickness of 2 pairs were significantly positively correlated.The Husk thickness and Kernel ratio with 1 pair were significantly negatively correlated,and the Nut shell carcass and Indexes of nut shape with 1 pair were negatively correlated;5.The content of fat,palmitic acid,oleic acid,reducing sugar: Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Xinjiang cultivated walnut;The content of stearic acid,linoleic acid,saturated fatty acid and tannin: Xinjiang cultivated walnut > Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang;The content of linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acid: wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Xinjiang cultivated walnut;The content of protein,total soluble sugar,cellulose: wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Xinjiang cultivated walnut > Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang;The variation coefficients of fat content: Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > Xinjiang cultivated walnut;The variation coefficients of protein,reducing sugar,total soluble sugar,cellulose and tannin content: Xinjiang cultivated walnut > Landrace Walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang > wild walnut Germplasm in Xinjiang;6.There are abundant genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in different sampling points of Landrace walnut germanium resources in Xinjiang,The genetic diversity of Hotan county has the richest and Qiemo County is the lowest,Kinship: Qiemo County and Kuche County are the farthest,and Wushi County and Baicheng County are the closest;there is no significant difference in fat content between different sampling points;there are extremely significant differences in protein content between Shache County and Luntai County,Baicheng County,Baicheng County and Yutian County,Shule County,and Qiemo County;there are significant differences in reducing sugar content between Kuche County and Luopu County,while there are no significant differences in the rest.The total soluble sugar content in Luopu County is significantly different from other sampling points,and is extremely significantly different from other sampling points except Baicheng County,Wushi County,Hotan County,Moyu County and Wensu County.Kuche County other sampling points except Baicheng County,Luopu County,Wushi County,Wensu County,Hotan County,Moyu County;Aksu City and Baicheng County,Luopu County,Wushi County,Wensu County,Hotan County,the difference in cellulose content between is extremely significant;There were extremely significant differences in tannin content between Yingjisha County and Hotan County,Luntai County,Wushi County,Qiemo County,Luopu County,Shule County,Qiemo County and Luopu County;Conduct comprehensive quality evaluation for different sampling sites,Hotan county has the best comprehensive evaluation,The comprehensive evaluation of Tianshan Shenmu Park in wensu county was the worst.