Study And Analysis Of Typical Diets Of Shaanbei Cashmere Goats Under The Farmer Households Feeding

This study conducted a field investigation and analysis of the typical roughage used in farmer household of Shaanbei cashmere goats.The scope of investigation and research involved 18 administrative villages in 7 townships in Hengshan District,Yulin,Shaanxi Province.The main methods and techniques used include literature review,on-site interviews,questionnaire surveys,sampling analysis and comprehensive comparisons.Based on the field survey,the typical diets and their components commonly used by farmers for raising cashmere goats are put forward.On the basis of evaluating the nutritional value of commonly used roughage,to evaluate the nutrient level and toxin pollution of the commonly used typical diets in order to provide a basis for the diet preparation o in farmer household of Shaanbei cashmere goats.The main results obtained include:(1)Based on the household questionnaire survey of 39 farmer households,the roughage used by farmers in no less than 3 quarters of the year is defined as common roughage(mainly including 7 types: alfalfa,corn stalks,millet stalks,bean seedlings,caragana,sorghum stalks and corn cobs),based on the types of roughage commonly used in the rations during farming(concentrated feeds are mainly corn seeds).The typical diets commonly used in farmhouses to raise cashmere goats can be summarized into 3 types,namely: the first type: corn stalks + alfalfa + bean seedlings + corn seeds,accounting for 23.07%;the second type: corn stalks + alfalfa + millet stalks + bean seedlings + corn seeds,accounting for 48.72%;the third type: corn stalks + alfalfa + millet stalks + bean seedlings + sorghum stalks+ Corn seeds accounted for 28.20%.(2)The investigation and analysis showed that for the cashmere goats using three typical diets,there was no significant difference between the corn planting area and the alfalfa planting area of the cashmere goat farms.However,the number of cash goat stocks was significantly correlated with the corn planting area and the type of roughage(p<0.05);the farmers who adopt the third type of typical ration raise more sheep units.Up to 217.21,the feed cost is 609.49 yuan/year.(3)The NRC evaluation results of the nutritional value of commonly used roughages show that: The degradation rate of DM and CP of 6 kinds of coarse fodder including alfalfa,caragana,corn stalk,sorghum stalk,millet stalk and bean seedlings is higher in 48 h,and lower in 48h?72h;Alfalfa and Caragana have better rumen degradation characteristics of DM and CP.The effective rumen degradation rates of DM and CP of alfalfa and caragana are 56.35% and 45.02%,respectively,and the effective CP degradation rates of alfalfa and caragana are 66.15% and 63.94%,respectively;The rumen effective degradation rate of corn stalk CP is higher,reaching 61.83%,and the effective degradation rate of sorghum straw DM is higher,reaching 47.58%;The effective rumen degradation rates of DM and CP of bean seedlings were 47.46% and 55.42%,respectively.(4)Aflatoxin B1 was detected for the 7 common typical dietary components obtained under the two storage methods of hayloft and open air,and the production of aflatoxin B1 in open air storage was higher than that in hayloft storage;the aflatoxin B1 content of 7 dietary components and 3 typical diets were all lower than 30??/kg,which did not exceed the national standard.(5)Comprehensive comparative analysis shows that the nutritional level of the typical diets cannot meet the nutritional needs of breeding rams in the pre-breeding and breeding period,and the nutritional needs of lactating ewes weighing more than 45 kg.To this end,an improved diet and its component ratios that can meet the different physiological periods of Shaanbei cashmere goats are proposed,and a supporting proposal is also provided.