Study Of Hybrid Combination And Seed Production Technology In Ornamental Kale

Ornamental kale?Brassica oleracea var.acephala?is mainly cross-pollinated and has obvious heterosis.It is an important garden flower in late autumn and early winter in northern my country.At present,the seeds used in domestic production mainly rely on imports.The production of seeds is mainly based on artificial pollination.The efficiency is low,the yield is insufficient,and the cost of seed production is high.Therefore,the kale hybrids with independent intellectual property rights are selected to seek low cost and high cost.Efficient seed production technology has become an urgent problem to be solved.In this study,we used the male sterile lines and inbred lines purified and bred by the research team for many years as experimental materials,and used the incomplete dillel cross design to formulate hybrid combinations to test the sowing period of autumn kale in Shenyang area;The heterosis,combining ability and heritability of various ornamental traits of cabbage were analyzed,and kale hybrid combinations and parents with excellent traits were selected;the spring natural pollination test of kale in Shenyang area was carried out,and bee pollination instead of artificial pollination in Shenyang area was explored The feasibility and pollination technology of bees.The results of the test are as follows:?1?The growth and discoloration of ornamental kale in 4 different sowing periods were compared.The results of the study showed that the ornamental kale that was sown from June25 to July 10 in Shenyang,during the"National Day"period,The plants grow well,the heart leaves are rich and bright,and the ornamental effect is good.?2?The results of heterosis analysis of ornamental traits of ornamental kale showed that the plant height of the hybrid F₁generation showed negative mid-parent heterosis?-4.41%?,the number of outer leaves?14.54%?,the number of heart leaves?4.42%?,and the spread of outer leaves?5.82%?and the development degree of the heart leaf?1.95%?have a mid-parent advantage,which is of great significance for the utilization of ornamental kale heterosis.?3?The general combining ability and special combining ability of ornamental traits of ornamental kale were analyzed,and 5 ornamental kale parents with better general combining ability and 7 hybrid combinations with better special combining ability were selected.The results of heritability analysis showed that the heritability of each trait is also different for different plant materials.In the two incomplete diallel crosses,the outer leaf shape index and the heart leaf shape index are mainly controlled by the additive effect.In the early generation,a hybrid combination with excellent traits can be selected;plant height,outer leaf development and The development of heart lobes is controlled by non-additive effects and needs to be selected in the higher generation;while the number of outer leaves and the number of heart lobes,2 traits,are controlled by non-additive effects in the 2×7 pair and cannot be inherited stably;In the 2×6 matching group,it is easily affected by the environment and needs to be used as an auxiliary trait to select a hybrid combination.?4?The research on the spring natural pollination technology of kale in Shenyang area,the results are as follows:the kale in Shenyang area is sown in the greenhouse from November 1st to November 15th,which can provide plant materials for spring natural pollination;adopt 1:2?1:4 parent-to-parent ratio,natural bee pollination can get more hybrid seeds,under the 1:2 parent-to-parent ratio,the plumpness of seeds is better than that of 1:3and 1:4 seeds;Compared with artificial pollination,bee pollination has little difference in fruit setting and silique length,and the pollination efficiency is greatly improved.The fullness of seeds is better than artificial pollination.