Studies On Chemical Constituents And Pharmacological Effects Of Stem Leaf Of Astragalus Membranacleus

Objective:The content of flavonoids,saponins,polysaccharides,amino acids and trace elements contained in stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus and its root were determined,and the flavonoids and saponins were isolated and identified.Around the type and content of chemical constituents included stem leaf and root of Astragalus membranaceus were compared to determine the difference between the two,for the stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus as a separate medicinal parts to provide the basis for chenical composition.To observe the effect of stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus extract on blood glucose,thymus,pancreas and space memory ability in the diabetic rats,to explore the pharmacological effects of stem leaf and root of Astragalus membranaceus;the establishment of stem leaf and root of Astragalus quality standards(draft)for it's production,management and clinical application to provide quality control basis.Methods:The main chemical constituents,namely,flavonoids and saponins,were isolated and identified by using the UPLC coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap MS method,and compared with the root.Based on the above qualitative identification,the contents of flavonoids and saponins in stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus were determined by UPLC,and compared with the root.The total contents of flavonoids and saponins in the stems and leaves were determined by the visible-ultraviolet spectrophotometry,and compared with the root.Finally,the other active ingredients in the stem leaf were studied,the content of polysaccharides in stem leaf were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method,adopting amino acid analyzer to measure the content of hydrolyzed amino acids in stem leaf,the ICPE-9000 plasma emission spectrometer was used for semi-quantitative determination of trace elements in stem leaf,and compared with the root.In pharmacodynamics,the effects of stem leaf on the blood glucose,thymus,pancreas and memory of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.Results: Of the qualitative identification of flavonoids and saponins in the stem leaf and root,the 17 compounds were identified in the stem leaf,the 18 compounds were identified in the root.Stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus unique flavonoids are hyperoside,isoquercitrin,isorhamnetin-3-O-new hesperidin,astragaloside,isorhamnetin,not detected saponins;Root of Astragalus membranaceus unique flavonoids are Kaempferide and Astragaloside?,?,?,?,V;The contents of flavonoids in the stem leaf were compared with that of the root,there is a common compound that is Calycosin 7-O-Glucoside and the content range of 0.146 ~ 0.694mg/g,0.534~0.712mg/g;in addition to the higher content of the stem leaf is Isorhamnetin-3-Onehesperidine,content range of 0.206~0.714mg/g,the higher content of the root is Ononin,content range of 0.382~0.452mg/g.The content of total saponins in the stem leaf ranges from 15.45 to 23.62 mg/g,and the content of total saponins of the root ranges from 16.35 to 16.59 mg.The content of polysaccharides in the stem leaf was 4.8 ~ 11.32mg/g,and the content of polysaccharides in the root was 95.66 ~139.63mg/g.The results of hydrolytic amino acid showed that the types and content of amino acids were similar.The contents of trace elements were approximately the same and the results of semi-quantitative shows no significant difference.The pharmacological effects of the extract of the stem leaf showed that the high and middle dose groups can significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic rats and significantly increase the thymus organ index of diabetic rats.In addition,the different dose groups of the stem leaf can significantly shorten the latency of water-maze positioning,while in space exploration experiment,the different dose groups can reduce the number of access and movement distance of the escape platform,and the number of access and movement distance of effective areas,among which there were significant differences in the high dose of the stem leaf.Conclusion : The results of the related chemical experiments show that stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus has its unique flavonoids,such as hyperoside and isoquercitrin,and the content of the main flavonoids in the selected content is not very different,The content of total saponins was more than that of root,and the content of polysaccharides was less than that of root.The contents of amino acids and trace elements were similar to those of root.Therefore,it was found that stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus were different from the root of Astragalus membranaceus,The results showed that stem leaf of Astragalus membranaceus could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic rats,increase the immunity of diabetic rats,and also improve the spatial memory ability of diabetic rats,so it can be seen that the stem Leaf treatment of Diabetes and its complications have a certain pharmacological significance,it is worth further study.