| ObjectiveThe study selected Rhubarb and Astragali as the good effect of clinical practice for the treatment of kidney disease.To observe the effect of oral administration of Rhubarb,Astragali and Rhubarb combined with Astragali with renal failure rats with intestinal bacteria and intestinal barrier function,and the effect of down-regulating metabolic toxin levels,to evaluate the animals therapeutic effects of Rhubarb,Astragali and Rhubarb combined withAstragali in different component proportions,and to further explore the related mechanism for delaying the progression of chronic renal failure through the method of invigorating the spleen and stomach,colon and eliminating the turbid by Chinese traditional medicine,aim to reveal Rhubarb combined with Astragali scientific connotation of traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic renal failure by intestinal-renal axis,provide the basis for clinical rational use.MethodsAnimal experiment was used 102 rats divided into sham operation group,model group,Benazepril(5 mg/kg)group,Rhubarb(3.0,1.5,0.75 g/kg)group,Astragali(6.0,3.0,1.5 g/kg)group and sham operation group,model group,Benazepril(5 mg/kg)group,Rhubarb(1.5 g/kg)group,Rhubarb+Astragali(3.0 g/kg)group,Rhubarb+Astragali(4.5 g/kg)group,Rhubarb+Astragali(7.5 g/kg)group,Rhubarb+Astragali(10.5 g/kg)group,6 rats in each group.After a total of 5 weeks to die in order to detect the level of metabolic toxins.24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and indoxyl sulfate.Four gut bacteria.Enterococcus,Escherichia coli,Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium.Intestinal barrier function.Plasma D-lactate,plasma endotoxin,intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression.And intestinal bacterial translocation.Enterococcus,Escherichia coli.ResultsThe experimental study of Rhubarb,Astragali.Metabolic toxins comparison:Rhubarb high does group urine indoxyl sulfate and Rhubarb middle does group 24-hour urine protein,urea nitrogen,urine indoxyl sulfate compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups 24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and plasma,urine indoxyl sulfate increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Astragali high,low does group 24-hour urine protein,Astragali low does group serum creatinine,Rhubarb high,low dose group and Astragali high,middle,low does groups plasma indoxyl sulfate compared with model group has no significant change,the rest of groups 24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and plasma,urine indoxyl sulfate decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb high,middle dose group 24-hour urine protein,urine indoxyl sulfate and Rhubarb middle dose group urea nitrogen decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).(2)Intestinal flora comparison:Rhubarb high dose group Enterococcus compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups Enterococcus and Escherichia coli increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium statistically decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All group Escherichia coli and Benazepril group,Rhubarb high dose group Enterococcus compared with model group decreased(P<0.05).Benazepril group,Astragali high,middle,low does groups Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Benazepril group,Astragali high does group Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium significantly increased(P<0.01).(3)Intestinal barrier function comparison:Model group,Rhubarb low does group D-lactate and all groups plasma endotoxin increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All groups intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression compared with sham operation group decreased.Compared with model group,Benazepril group,Rhubarb high,model dose group,Astragali middle does group D-lactate and all groups endotoxin decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All groups intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression increased.Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb middle dose group D-lactate decreased(P<0.05),Rhubarb middle dose group and Astragali middle does group intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression increased.All groups villous height,width,superficial area,mucosal thickness and villous height/crypt depth compared with sham operation group decreased(P<0.01).Villous crypt depth increased(P<0.01).Compared with model group,all groups villous height,width,superficial area,mucosal thickness and villous height/crypt depth increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Villous crypt depth decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb middle does group villous height/crypt depth increased and villous crypt depth decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).(1)Metabolic toxins comparison:Rhubarb+Astragali1:2,1:4 group 24-hour urine protein compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups 24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and plasma,urine indoxyl sulfate increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All groups 24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine,urea nitrogen and plasma,urine indoxyl sulfatedecreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragali11:2,1:4 group 24-hour urine protein,serum creatinine and urine indoxyl sulfate decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb+Astragali1:2,1:4,group urea nitrogen,Rhubarb+Astragali 1:1 group urine indoxyl sulfate decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragali 1:2 group serum creatinine and urea nitrogen decreased(P<0.05).(2)Intestinal flora comparison:Rhubarb+Astragali1:1 group Escherichia coli compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups Enterococcus and Escherichia coli increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All groups Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb+Astragali1:4,1:6 groups Escherichia coli,Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragali1:1 group Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium compared with model group has no significant change,the rest of groups Enterococcus,Escherichia coli decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:1,1:2 groups Enterococcus decreased(P<0.05)Rhubarb+Astragalil:1 group Escherichia coli decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb+Astragalil:2,1:4 group Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).(3)Intestinal barrier function comparison:All group endotoxin and model group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:1 group D-lactate compared with sham operation group increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragali1:2 group intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression decreased.Compared with model group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:1 group has no significant change,the rest of groups D-lactate and all groups endotoxin decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).All groups intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression increased.Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb group and Rhubarb+Astragali1:2,1:4 group intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression increased.Compared with Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:2 group endotoxin decreased(P<0.05),intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression increased.Rhubarb+Astragalil:2 group villous crypt depth and villous height/crypt depth compared with sham operation group has no significant change,the rest of groups villous height,width,superficial area,mucosal thickness and villous height/crypt depth decreased(P<0.01).Villous crypt depth increased(P<0.01).Compared with model group,all groups villous height,width,superficial area,mucosal thickness and villous height/crypt depth increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Villous crypt depth decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Benazepril group,Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:2 group villous height/crypt depth and Rhubarb+Astragali1:2 group mucosal thickness increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragali1:1,1:2,1:4,1:6 group villous crypt depth decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Compared with Rhubarb group,Rhubarb+Astragalil:2 group villous width,mucosal thickness and villous height/crypt depth,Rhubarb+Astragalil:6 group villous width increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05).Rhubarb+Astragalil:2,1:4,group villous crypt depth decreased(P<0.01).(4)Intestinal bacterial translocation:Compared with sham operation group,All group Enterococcus,Escherichia coli shift to mesenteric lymph nodes increased(P<0.05).Compared with model group,Benazepril group,Rhubarb group and Rhubarb+Astragalil:2,1:6 group Enterococcus,Escherichia coli shift to mesenteric lymph nodes decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion(1)The therapeutic mechanism of the method of Rhubarb is associated with increasing intestinal metabolic waste(serum creatinine,urea nitrogen)and the excretion of enterogenous endotoxin indoxyl sulfate,regulating intestinal flora by inhibiting the reproduction of aerobic bacteria(Enterococcus,Escherichia coli),lowering plasma D-lactate,endotoxin and reducing the absorption of endotoxin in order to improve the intestinal barrier function.Rhubarb middle dose is the(1.5 g/kg)strongest.(2)The therapeutic mechanism of the method of Astragali isassociated with its roles of regulating intestinal flora by promoting the development of Anaerobic bacteria(Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium),improving intestinal barrier function by lowering plasma D-lactate,endotoxin and increasing intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression.Astragali middle dose is the(3.0 g/kg)strongest.(3)The therapeutic mechanism of the method of Rhubarb combined with Astragali is associated with its roles of eliminating intestinal metabolic waste(serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,indoxyl sulfate),regulating intestinal flora by inhibiting the reproduction of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli,promoting the development of Anaerobic bacteria(Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium),improving intestinal barrier function by lowering D-lactate,plasma endotoxin and increasing intestinal mucosa epithelium occludin proteins relative expression.The growth and development of small intestinal villus,enhanced absorption of nutrients,and promote the recovery of intestinal function,prevent Enterococcus,Escherichia coli shift to mesenteric lymph nodes.Rhubarb+Astragalil:2 group(4.5 g/kg)is strong. |
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