| Objective:Rhubarb is the traditional medicine in our country. It is the perfect medicine to use for gastrointestinal functional failure.It can not only improve gastrointestinal perfusion but also resume the gastrointestinal peristalsis and clear up the bacteria and the endotoxemia in gastrointestines.So the rhubarb can protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier.Resently, some studies show that intestinal mucosal hypoperfusion, oxygen free radicals and cytokines are the three main pathogenic factors for gut barrier damage. In the state of critical trauma, infection, operation and radiotherapy, the structure and the function of intestinal trace is changed which causes the damage of intestinal mucosal barrierd, and the translocation of the bacteria and endoxin. So how to effectly protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier in various stress is one of the aims of the scholars all over the world to study.There have been a lot of studies of how to protect the gastrointestinal mucosal in various stress, such as trauma, burn and complex operation, but how the rhubarb affects the gastrointestinal mucosa in the period of themothraphy hasn't been reported in the past. So we design the test to study the principle of how the rhubarb affect the gastrointestinal mucosa and find the ways to prevent the intestisal mucosa from damaging in the period of chemothraphy.Methods: Eighty Wistar rats were randomly and averagely divided into four groups: A: control group, B: 5-Fu group, C:5-Fu + MgSO4 group, D:5-Fu + rhubarb group. After the rats were weighted, the rats in group C were given MgSO4,the rats in group D were given rhubarb (100mg/kg) , group A and B the same doses of saline solution intragastric administrate respectively from day 1 to day 6. Group B,C and D were injected 5-Fu (100mg/kg)introperitoneally on the fourth day respectively to make the model of gut barrier injury. At the same time, group A received the same doses of saline solution injection introperitoneally. The content of endotoxin in peripheral blood was measured in all groups after rats were weighted and killed on the seventh day. The mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and livers were harvested for comparing bacterial translocation incidence among four groups. Ileum and colon tissues were taken for pathologic examination including comparing mucosal thickness, villus height and width and morphology change of ileum and the weight of each group before and after the test.Statistical Analysis System 6.12 (SAS6.12) was used in the study. Analysis of variance and SNK-q test were used for quantitative data analysis, and Fisher's least-significant-difference test for qualitative data. P values that were less than 0.05 were considered statistical significance.Results:①Compared the weight of each group before and after the test:There was not significant difference among group A (346.3±12.29g), groupB (350.4±12.42g), groupC (345.1±11.37g) and groupD (330.4±12.42g) before test (P>0.05). After test, there was not significant difference between group A (348.8±10.81g)and group D(345.6±13.17g) (P>0.05). The same result was obtained between group B(314.5±14.363g) and group C(329.3±11.93g) (P>0.05). However, the value in group A and group D was significant more than group B and group C(P<0.05).②The content of endotoxin in peripheral blood of each group:No significant difference is found between group A(0.037±0.011Eu/ml) and group D(0.041±0.020Eu/ml)(P>0.05), and the same beween group B ( 0.087±0.013Eu/ml ) and group C (0.091±0.010Eu/ml)(P>0.05).The value of group A and group D was significantly lower than that of group B and group C (P<0.05).③The value of ileum villus height in each group: It was significantly higher in group A(365.22±17.50μm) than that in group B(289.68±13.51μm),group C(276.19±21.26μm) and group D(334.75±15.37μm)(P<0.05). That of group D were significantly higher than that of group B and group C (P<0.05) . The value of was not significantly different between group B and group C(P>0.05).④The value of ileum villus width in each group : It was significantly wider in group A (174.81±22.19μm) than group B(115.09±16.36μm),group C( 122.70±10.86μm) and group D(156.21±14.40μm)(P<0.05). It was significantly wider in group D than group B and group C (P<0.05). The value was not significantly different between group B and group C (P>0.05) .⑤The value of ileum mucosal thickness in each group: It was significantly thicker in group A (541.23±28.45μm) than group B (430.71±16.15μm),group C(422.88±17.84μm) and group D(492.73±23.32μm)(P<0.05). That of group D was significantly thicker than that of group B and group C (P<0.05). The value was not significantly different between group B and group C(P>0.05) .⑥The value of colon mucosal thickness in each group:It was significantly thicker in group A(419.10±31.77μm) than group B(283.96±37.61μm),group C(264.83±29.24μm) and group D(355.17±43.99μm) (P<0.05). That of group D was significantly thicker than that of group B and group C (P<0.05). The value was not significantly different group B and group C(P>0.05).⑦The positive cases of bacterial translocation of MLN were found in group A(0/20),group B(12/20),group C(14/20),group D (0/20) and the liver tissue were found in group A(0/20),group B(14/20),group C(14/20),group D (2/20). No significant difference was found between group A and group D(P>0.05), and the same between group B and group C(P>0.05) .The rate of bacterial translocation in group A and group D was significantly lower than group C and group B (P<0.05). Conclusions: 1.The rat's gastrointestinal mocosal is damaged during the introperitoneal themothraphy of 5-Fu. 2. Rhubarb can protect rat's gastrointestinal mocosal against damaging caused by the introperitoneal themothraphy of 5-Fu introperitoneally. 3. MgSO4 can not do it.
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