| Objective: Recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)refers to a spontaneous abortion that occurs three or more times consecutive.The cause is more complex,and 50%~60% is caused by unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA).Recent studies on reproductive immunology have revealed that unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion are mostly due to homologous immunity.Natural killer cell(NK)is an important immune cell in the human body,which plays an important role in anti-tumor and anti-virus infection with participating in allergic reactions,mediating autoimmunity,identifing target cell,killing the foreign media.Natural killer T cell(NKT)is a subgroup with specific markers in immune cells,which both expresses the surface markers of T cell and NK cell and produces many cytokines to regulate the Th1/Th2 immune balance after activation.In this study,the level of NK NKT cells in peripheral blood and the content of Th1 Th2 cytokines were determined,and their correlation with URSA was discussed.Methods: There were 35 cases of patients diagnosed with URSA,among which 14 were URSA pregnant group,and 21 cases of unpregnant were URSA non-pregnant group.Of the 37 normal subjects,16 were normal gestation,11 were non-pregnant women,and 10 were normal parous women.The expression levels of CD3~+,CD4~+,CD8~+,CD19~+,CD3~-CD16~+CD56~+,CD4~+/CD8~+,CD3~+CD56~+CD16~-,CD3~+CD56~-CD16~+,CD3~+CD16~+CD56~+ cells in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry.Th1 and Th2 type cytokines in peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The levels of NK cells in the URSA pregnant group were higher than those in normal gestation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of NK cells in the URSA non-pregnant group were higher than those in normal non-pregnant group and normal parous group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The contents of NKT cells in the peripheral blood of URSA pregnant women were higher than that in normal gestation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of NKTcells in normal gestation group were higher than those in URSA non-pregnant group,normal non-pregnant group and normal parous group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in NKT cell among URSA non-pregnant group,normal gestation group and normal parous group(P>0.05).Th1 type cytokines in peripheral blood of URSA pregnant group were higher than that in normal gestation group,and Th2 type cytokines were lower than normal gestation group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in Th1/Th2 type cytokines among the three groups of URSA non-pregnant group,normal non-pregnant group and normal parous group(P>0.05).Conclusions: 1.The contents of CD3~-CD56~+CD16~+ type NK cells in the peripheral blood of URSA pregnant patients were higher than that of normal gestation women,the levels of CD3~-CD56~+CD16~+ type NK cells in URSA non-pregnant group were higher than those in normal non-pregnant women,suggesting that CD3~-CD56~+CD16~+ type NK cells may participate in the occurrence of URSA.2.The content of CD3~+CD56~+CD16~+NKT cells in URSA pregnant patients was higher than that of normal pregnant women,while NKT cells in normal pregnant women were higher than that of normal unpregnant women.It was indicated that CD3~+CD56~+CD16~+NKT cells may participate in the pregnancy process,and the high level or too low level may cause URSA to occur,and the range of suitable pregnancy should be defined by a large number of sample studies.3.Th1 cytokines in peripheral blood of URSA patients were higher than those of normal pregnant women,while the Th2 cytokines were lower than those of normal pregnant women,and the Th1/Th2 balance biased to Th1.Too high Th1 level could lead to miscarriage.A balanced bias towards Th2 was beneficial for pregnancy maintenance.Changes in cytokines could initially assess the outcome of pregnancy. |
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