Study On Dietary Nutrition And Related Risk Factors In Hospitalized Patients With Coronary Heart Disease In A Hospital

Objective To investigate the dietary intake and lifestyle of hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease in Tianjin,analyze the intake of various dietary and nutrients,and analyze the influence of different factors on the severity of disease so as to provide evidence for reducing the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 304 patients admitted to Cardiovascular Institute Hospital in Tianjin from June to September in 2017 were enrolled in the study and were diagnosed with coronary heart disease.Survey methods include the general situation of the questionnaire,dietary surveys,physical examination,clinical and laboratory data collection.The results of the investigation were recorded by the special person for two times,using the logic and interval error checking method to find out the wrong data to verify and re-enter after correction.SPSS 19 software was used to analyze data by means of t test,chi-square test,correlation analysis and two classification logistic regression based on data types.Results1.The dietary intake frequency obtained by the patient's diet,with the "Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda" recommended comparison,shows that dietary structure of patients with coronary heart disease:cereals,vegetables intake close or in line with the balanced diet pagoda recommended intake;fruit,fish and shrimp,milk and beans intake failed to reach the recommended dietary intake of pagoda;poultry meat,eggs,fat and salt intakes were more than recommended intake.2.Nutrient intake on dietary fiber intake is a serious lack of intake of less than half the recommended amount,average intake is only 10.6g per day;adequate intake of vitamin A and vitamin E;riboflavin,thiamine and vitamin C are insufficient;sodium intake of minerals in serious exceed the standard 3 times,the recommended intake of iron was adequate;inadequate intake of potassium,calcium,zinc,magnesium and selenium.3.The vast majority of patients in the three major nutrient supply ratio are in the appropriate range,the average protein energy ratio was 13.7%,fat energy ratio was23.2%,carbohydrate energy ratio was 63.1%.The average energy provided by cereals was 57.4%.Within the recommended range,the average energy survey of animal foods exceed the appropriate range.The intake of cereal protein accounted for 38.8% of the total protein intake,which was significantly lower than the recommended range.The average intake of beans and animal protein was 50.5%,higher than the recommended range.4.There were 74.7% overweight/obese patients,sitting in a sedentary city,urban,smoking and combining with hypertension have a higher rate of overweight and obesity.There were 75% patients with central obesity,patients with hypertension had higher rates of central obesity;and those with obesity were the highest intake of cereals,vegetables and eggs,and the lowest intake of milk;BMI and the nature of the work,whether smoking or whether suffering from hypertension,vegetables,poultry,eggs and dairy intake had correlation.WC is associated with hypertension,vegetables,poultry,eggs and milk intake.Mental patients overweight/obesity risk was 1.96 times the physical labor of patients.5.The prevalence of abnormal blood lipids in patients with coronary heart disease was70.1%,and the abnormal rate was higher in overweight/obese patients.The patients with dyslipidemia had higher average intake of fat and salt than those with normal blood lipids.The four indexes of blood lipid and BMI,fat intake,fat supply and uric acid levels were related;age,gender and BMI were risk factors for dyslipidemia.6.There were more smoking patients in severe coronary heart disease patients,severe patients had less vegetable intake than mild patients;sex,smoking,daily intake of vegetables,Cr,hs-CRP,AST and FPG levels and disease severity were related;smoking,hs-CRP and AST levels are risk factors for disease severity.Conclusions The dietary structure of patients with coronary heart disease is unreasonable.The vast majority of coronary heart disease patients in the supply of three major nutrients in the appropriate range.The number of overweight/obesity in coronary heart disease patients is high,and sedentary increases the risk of obesity,which is an important risk factor for hypertension,dyslipidemia and other cardiovascular diseases.The risk factors for coronary heart disease such as dyslipidemia are more prevalent.Overweight/obesity can lead to abnormal lipid metabolism.Excessive lipid and fatsupply ratios increase the risk of dyslipidemia.Poor lifestyles,eating habits,and abnormal biochemical outcomes such as smoking,less vegetable intake,etc.,have an adverse effect on the severity of the disease.Patients with coronary heart disease should promote appropriate exercise,a balanced diet,and change their unhealthy lifestyles.This has positive implications for the prevention and development of diseases.