Analysis Of Head Shape And Intelligence Development In Infants With Deformational Plagiocephaly

ObjectiveTo investigate the head shape characteristics of 4 to 12 months old deformational plagiocephaly(DP)infants,analyze the influence of birth weight,sleeping position preference and other factors on DP,compare the difference of DP and head shape normal infants' mental development,and the children with DP after the helmet correction or posture correction treatment,the difference of head shape changes before and after the correction treatment is compared,which provides the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the children and accumulates experience to promote healthy development.MethodsA total of 105 healthy infants aged 4-12 months who were admitted to the Outpatient Department of the Children's Health Department of our hospital were enrolled in the study.They were divided into DP group(49 cases)and normal head group(56 cases).The selected infants were gender,gestational age,basic information such as birth time,mode of delivery,birth weight,birth length,growth environment,age at first visit,head circumference(HC),posture preference,maternal gestational age and academic qualifications;3D laser scanning skull shape,index for the cranial vault asymmetry(CVA),HC;pediatric neuropsychological development checklist to detect the level of mental development,the index is the developmental quotient(DQ);helmet correction or postural correction treatment in the DP group,compared to the shape of the skull before and after treatment(CVA and HC),the corresponding data were measured and statistical analysis was performed.Results 1.In terms of gender,gestational age,parity,birth length,mode of delivery,age at first visit,head circumference at the first visit,growth environment and maternal gestational age,the differences between the DP group and the normal head group were not statistically significant(p>0.05);the birth weight of the DP group was lower than that of the normal head group,the pregnant mothers were lower than the normal head group,and the posture preference was more than the normal head shape.The differences were statistically significant(p<0.05).2.There were 49 children in the DP group,of which 14(28.6%)were mild malformations,24(49.0%)were moderately deformed,and 11(22.4%)were severely deformed.The moderate malformation rate was the highest.According to age,49 children with DP were subdivided into two groups: 18 patients in the 4-6 months group,including 8 patients with mild malformation(44.4%),9 patients with moderate malformation(50.0%),and 1 patient with severe malformation(5.6 %);31 patients in the 7-12 month age group,including 6 cases(19.4%)with mild malformation,15 cases(48.4%)with moderate malformation,and 10 cases(32.2%)with severe malformation.Children with 4 to 6 months of age and 7 to 12 months of age showed the highest rate of moderate deformity.Compared with children aged 4-6 months,the incidence of severe malformations increased in children aged 7-12 months,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).3.The mean DQ of 49 children in the DP group was(95.11±5.91),and the mean DQ of the 56 children in the normal head group was(102.44±6.93).The DQ of the DP group was significantly lower.The difference was statistically significant(p< 0.05).The DQ was divided into three grades.The DQ of the DP group and the normal head group of infants were most common with moderate intelligence percentage.The percentage of children with moderate and low intelligence in the severe group of DP group was significantly higher than that of the normal group of head shape.The difference was statistical significance(p < 0.05).4.49 children with DP were divided into helmet correction group(18 cases)and posture correction group(31 cases).There was no significant difference in the pre-treatment CVA between the two treatment groups(p>0.05).The CVA of the treatment group was lower than that of the posture correction group,and the ?CVA of the helmet treatment group was higher than that of the posture correction group.The difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).There was no significant difference in HC and ?HC between the two treatment groups before and after treatment(p>0.05).5.8 cases(44.4%)of the adverse reactions of helmet correction treatment,including 4 cases of eczema(22.2%),2 cases of scalp abrasions(11.1%),7 cases of crying(38.9%),5 cases of skin dents(27.8%);posture correction treatment of adverse reactions to crying is more common,a total of 14 cases(45.2%).The above adverse reactions are all reversible changes.Conclusions 1.Birth weight,posture preference and maternal education are the influencing factors leading to the formation of DP.2.Children with DP from 4-12 months old had the most moderate deformity,and the incidence of severe malformation increased with age.3.The mean DQ of children with DP was lower than that of normal infants with head shape.The DQ of children with severe malformation increased the proportion of middle and lower and low intelligence,suggesting that DP may affect the mental development of infants.4.Helmet correction effect is better than posture correction,does not interfere with the normal growth of the head circumference,and promotes the early recovery of DP.