The Preparation Of The Active Ingredients In Yellow Mustard And The Evaluation Of Their Antioxidant Activities

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standards,people are exposed to more and more radiation and carcinogens.These substances enter the body and can induce excessive free radicals,causing disorders of the body's antioxidant system,which will result in redox imbalance,cause oxidative stress,and finally leading to aging and a variety of chronic diseases.Therefore,taking effective measures to remove excessive free radicals is of great significance to slow aging process and improve people's health.Previous studies show that cruciferous plants have many bioactivities,such as antioxidant,anti-cancer and so on.Regular consumption of cruciferous plants can reduce the occurrence of many chronic diseases.In this paper,yellow mustard was used as raw material to study the optimal extraction process of its water extract and the optimal hydrolysis conditions for its hydrolysates.Both of the water extract and hydrolysates were analyzed,and their antioxidant activities were evaluated.The main contents are as follows:In this experiment,the single factor and response surface extraction technology of yellow mustard aqueous extract was optimized.The optimal conditions for extracting total glucosinolates and total phenols in the aqueous extract of yellow mustard were determined as follows:the extraction temperature was 92 ?,the solid-liquid ratio was 1:40(w/w),and the extraction time was 2.0 h.Then the composition of the water extract was analyzed.The main active ingredients were glucosinolate,polyphenol,and flavonoid,and their contents were 56.94±0.32,15.29 ±0.40,and 10.67 ±0.83 mg/g,respectively.The antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of yellow mustard was evaluated through the experiments of DPPH free radical scavenging ability,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability,and the ability of FRAP ferric ion reduction;it was found that the yellow mustard aqueous extract does not have DPPH free radical scavenging ability,but it possesses good hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and ferrous ion reduction ability.The hydrolysis conditions of the yellow mustard were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface method.The optimal hydrolysis conditions for AITC production in the yellow mustard hydrolysate were determined as follows:pH 6.0,2.0 mg ascorbic acid,1.2 mmol EDTA.And the yield of isothiocyanate under the conditions above was 8.17±0.35 mg/g.The composition of the hydrolysate was analyzed by GC-MS.A total of 34 substances were isolated,including isothiocyanates,lipids,aldehydes,and acids,among which allyl isothiocyanates and linoleic acid were of the highest response value.In this experiment,H2O2-induced HepG2 cells were used to establish the anti-oxidation model of cells.The MTT and apoptosis experiments were used to determine the safe dose of the aqueous extract and hydrolysate of yellow mustard to HepG2 cells,and then their antioxidant capacities were evaluated.Studies have shown that water extracts and hydrolysates of yellow mustard can significantly enhance the activity of oxidative injured cells and the activity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes including SOD,CAT and GSH-Px,and they can also significantly reduce LDH leakage,ROS content and MDA content in injured cells.Taken together,it can be determined that the yellow mustard aqueous extract and hydrolysate can significantly alleviate the oxidative damage of HepG2 cells induced by H2O2.