Effect Of Health Education On Cervical Spondylosis Patients Based On Health Belief Model Clinical Research

Background:Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative disease of cervical joint and its adjacent structures.Health education is an important means to strengthen the management of patients with cervical spondylosis.Health belief model as a new concept has obvious advantages in health education of many chronic diseases.However,there is no application of health education based on health belief model in cervical spondylosis at present.Can health education based on health belief model play a good role in health education of cervical spondylosis as well as other chronic diseases? It's not clear yet.Objective:We manage patients with cervical spondylosis based on HBM health education to observe whether we can change the psychological behaviors such as the perception,attitude and belief of patients.The purpose of the study was to improve the patient's self-management behavior and self-management effectiveness,and ultimately improve cervical function.At the same time,it provides an effective way for the health education management of cervical spondylosis.Methods:We selected patients with cervical spondylosis who were hospitalized from the rehabilitation center of the Yan'an University Hospital.These patients also met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.We randomly divided the subjects into experimental and control groups using random number method.We used routine health education in the control group,while the experimental group underwent HBM based intervention based on routine health education.And then we investigated the scores of cervical spine function,neck pain,and disability index at the time of admission and 3 months after discharge,chronic disease self-management behavior score,and chronic disease self-efficacy score.Finally,we compared the health education effects of different educational methods.The collected data was analyzed using SPSS related software.Result:1.Cervical function score and neck pain and disability index score: There was no significant difference in cervical spine function score and neck pain and disability index score between the two groups before the health education;based on HBM health education after 3 months of intervention in the experimental group compared with conventional health education,the cervical spine function score was significantly improved(16.95±4.19 vs 19.45±3.85,t=2.73,P=0.01),and the neck pain and disability index scores were decreased(16.51±7.86 vs 9.88±5.03,t=4.45,P<0.01).The difference was statistically significant.2.Self-management behavior of chronic diseases: Self-management behaviors of chronic diseases include four dimensions,stretching fitness,endurance training,communication with doctors,and self-efficacy.Among them,endurance exercise is divided into five aspects,and self-efficacy is divided into six aspects.The results showed that there was no statistical difference between stretching exercise before the health education,endurance exercise,communication with doctors,and self-efficacy between the two groups;compared with conventional health education after 3 months of intervention in different health education methods,based on HBM The exercise time of patients with health education was significantly improved(11.49±14.38min/week vs 42.33±25.60min/week,t=6.44,P<0.01),and the endurance exercise time was significantly prolonged(300.54±177.38min/week vs 453.75±238.33min/week,t=3.18,P<0.01),self-efficacy score increased significantly points(20.70±8.88 vs 27.33±8.61,t=3.32,P<0.01),but the frequency of communication with doctors did not change significantly(2.54 ±1.71 vs 3.15±1.75,t=1.55,P=0.13).Endurance exercise has the most obvious increase in the use of sports equipment,while walking and other aerobic exercise have significant differences.Self-efficacy is most evident in controlling confidence in bad emotions,controlling confidence in health problems,and reducing the frequency of visits.3.Self-management behavior and self-efficacy: Based on HBM before education self-efficacy and self-management behavior(r=0.353)and doctor communication(r=0.303)were positively correlated.Self-efficacy and self-management behavior(r=0.355)was positively correlated with doctor communication after health education(r=0.327).Conclusion:1.Health education based on health belief model can effectively improve cervical spine function and reduce cervical pain and disability index scores in patients with cervical spondylosis.2.Health education based on health belief model can effectively promote the self-management behavior of patients with cervical spondylosis and improve the self-management efficiency of patients.3.There is a positive correlation between self-efficacy and self-management behavior,that is,the higher self-efficacy,the better self-management behavior.