The Effect Of Self-management Health Education Based On Health Belief Model(HBM) In PCI Patients

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of self-management health education based on health belief model(HBM)on the self-efficacy,self-management behavior,control level of coronary heart disease-related physiological indicators and incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with a view to discussing a new model of health education to improve the self-management ability of PCI patients and providing a reference for clinical medical staffs.MethodsIt was an experimental study and convenient sampling was adopted.150 patients who were admitted to the cardiovascular medicine department of a third-grade class-A hospital in Yantai,Shandong Province,underwent PCI and met the inclusion criteria from June to October 2019 were selected as the study objects and divided into groups according to postoperative wards.75 objects in Ward I of cardiovascular medicine department were divided into control group,and 75 objects in Ward II of cardiovascular medicine department were divided into intervention group.Interventional treatment and postoperative medication principles of two groups of patients were in accordance with the Guidelines for the Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome Emergency(2019).The control group received routine health education in the hospital;while intervention group received self-management health education based on HBM together with routine health education,including strengthening the severity of postoperative PCI complications and susceptibility to coronary heart disease,explaining the benefits of postoperative self-management to objects,clarifying the obstacles that might be encountered in the process of self-management,and improving their self-efficacy.The coronary heart disease self-management behavior scale and coronary heart disease self-efficacy scale were used to measure the coronary heart disease self-management behavior and self-efficacy of objects before intervention,1 month and 3months after intervention,coronary heart disease-related physiological indicators(blood pressure,blood lipids,blood sugar)were collected and incidence of adversecardiovascular events was calculated.SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis on the data to evaluate the application effect of self-management health education based on HBM in PCI patients.Results1.Before intervention,the social demographic data and disease related data of two groups of patients were compared,the difference was not statistically significant and was comparable(P>0.05).2.The effect of self-efficacy intervention showed that the total self-efficacy scores in intervention group 1 month and 3 months after intervention(43.05±5.55,46.51±5.42)were higher than those in control group(38.96±5.55,43.64±5.10)(P<0.05).3.The result of self-management intervention showed that the total scores of self-management ability in intervention group 1 month and 3 months after intervention(98.93±7.38,106.53±5.89)were higher than those in control group(87.68±7.66,95.37±6.89)(P<0.001).4.The result of intervention of relevant physiological indicators showed that compliance rates of blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterin in intervention group were higher than those in control group 1 month after intervention(70.3% vs53.4%,70.3% vs 53.4%,P<0.05);compliance rates of blood pressure,low density lipoprotein cholesterin,fasting blood-glucose in intervention group were higher than those in control group 3 months after intervention(85.1% vs 63.0%,91.9% vs 71.2%,86.5% vs 72.6%,P<0.05).5.Comparison of incidence of adverse cardiovascular events: Incidence of adverse cardiovascular events 3 months after intervention in intervention group was lower than that in control group(2.7% vs 12.3%,P<0.05).ConclusionsCompared with routine health education,self-management health education based on HBM could effectively improve the self-efficacy and self-management ability of PCI patients,help to improve patients' relevant physiological indicators and reduce incidence of adverse cardiovascular events.