| ObjectivesThis study analyzes the nutrition and health monitoring data of primary and middle school students in the“Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in Qiongzhong County,Hainan Province”from 2014 to 2016,and discusses the nutritional development of the compulsory education students in Qiongzhong County,Hainan Province during the monitoring period.The effects of status,hemoglobin levels,vitamin A,D deficiency,and the mastery of the nutritional knowledge of students and parents,etc.,evaluated the effects of the implementation of the nutrition improvement program for two years,and analyzed the factors affecting the effectiveness of the nutrition and health interventions in order to effectively improve poor cities and counties in Hainan Province.The nutritional status of students provides a theoretical basis and also provides data support for the government to formulate interventions.Method1.Routine monitoring.Stratified randomized cluster sampling was used to select three elementary schools and three junior middle schools in Qiongzhong County as regular monitoring schools(a total of 6 primary schools and 6 junior high schools).The monitoring school randomly selects 1-2 class students in each grade and requires that each grade grade number be no less than 40,and the number of boys and girls is basically the same.Routine monitoring includes growth and development,nutritional status,nutrition knowledge for parents and students,dietary behavior student achievement,and daily attendance.2.Focus on monitoring.Among the 12 schools that were routinely monitored,one primary school and one junior high school were randomly selected as key monitoring schools.Key monitoring indicators include vitamin A,vitamin D deficiency and student anemia.3.Using SPSS 21.0 for general statistical description,one-way analysis of variance,two independent samples t-test,x~2test and other methods,compared with baseline data in 2014 to describe the trend of physical and mental changes in primary and middle school students.Research resultThis study is a longitudinal study and is mainly divided into routine monitoring and key monitoring.Among them,the regular monitoring of student physiques,student questionnaires and student parents questionnaires were 5,849,4,915 and 3,750respectively.A total of 1,723 people were monitored.1.Changes in height and weight.The height and weight of students aged 7-15years in 2014-2016 are lower than the national average of rural students in 2014.The trend charts for heights of all ages show that the height and weight of male and female students have increased,and the statistical test has been done.The difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Analysis of changes in student height from 2014 to 2016 found that only12-year-old boys in the milk+egg feeding model had a significant increase in height.In the canteen feeding mode,boys had a significant upward trend at the age of 10 and12 years,and girls'heights in the age groups of 7,9,10,12,13 and 14 all showed an upward trend,and this trend was statistically significant.During the 3 years of nutrition intervention,the body weight of male students increased significantly in the 11th and 12th age groups(P<0.05),and the body weight of female students in 7,9,10,12 and 13 years increased significantly.The average weight difference of female students in 2016 was statistically significant.Analysis of different feeding patterns found that milk,egg feeding mode,doing trend analysis found that during the three years of different feeding patterns,male weight at12 and 13 years of age increased.Canteen meal mode found that boys 7,9,10,12 age group weights have an upward trend,3 years girls found in canteen feeding mode change,7,9,10,12,13 and 14 years old weight Upward trend.2.Changes in student nutritional status.The moderate and severe weight loss decreased from 11.8%to 8.8%,the overweight increased from 2.2%to 3.7%,and the obesity detection rate increased from 1.1%to 2.3%.Through statistical tests,it was found that students with moderate weight loss between 2014 and 2016 showed a downward trend,and the overweight and obesity status showed an upward trend.The different feeding patterns found that under the milk+egg feeding mode,the lack of nutrition in primary students,the growth retardation of primary school boys showed a significant upward trend(P<0.05).The middle school boys had moderate and severe weight loss and mild weight loss.In canteen feeding mode,there was a significant downward trend in moderate weight loss in primary school boys,but there was a significant upward trend in mild wasting(P<0.05).3.Student nutrition knowledge score.A survey of student nutrition knowledge found that middle school students had poorer understanding of height-enhancing foods for the past three years.The correct rates for 2014-2016 were 12.7%,16.6%,and 16.2%,respectively,of which students were concerned about how to be healthy and how to prevent anemia.The correct rate is higher.The 2014-2016 survey found that students'knowledge scores were higher for girls than for boys.Knowledge scores for students in the middle and lower secondary school were higher than those in the elementary school,and knowledge scores for elementary and male students had an upward trend.Comparing the different feeding patterns found that except 2014(before the intervention),there was no statistical difference in knowledge scores among students of different feeding patterns.In 2015 and 2016,the nutrition knowledge scores of the canteen feeding model students were higher than the corporate feeding patterns,and the canteen supply The meal pattern student nutrition knowledge scores are on the rise.4.Changes in student eating behavior.The investigation of students'dietary behaviors found that the frequency of eating breakfast in both modes increased,the frequency of eating meat and eating vegetables increased,while students'eggs and milk all increased first and then decreased.Both the frequency of drinking beverages and eating snacks increased.The top three students in the three-year course of nutrition education are still textbooks,classrooms,and parents and family.The student satisfaction survey on canteens found that students generally have a higher proportion of sensory meals for school meals.In 2016,only 9.7%of the students in the school cafeteria were able to finish eating,and the main reason for leftovers was dislike.5.Parent nutrition knowledge scores and dietary behavior changes.A survey of parents'knowledge of nutritional knowledge found that the top three sources of awareness of parental nutrition knowledge were protein and vitamin c sources and cooking methods.With the exception of cooking methods with the least nutrient loss in 2016 and higher than 2015,the accuracy rate of other knowledge issues was lower than that of 2015.The average score of parents'nutrition knowledge is 4.9 points,among which the students'parents have the lowest occupational score for the farmers.6.Changes in blood biochemical indicators.The focus of monitoring students in2016 was 4%,30.6%,and 12.7%for the detection of anemia,vitamin A,and vitamin D deficiency and deficiency.There was no obvious change in vitamin A among students in the milk+egg model,and there was an upward trend in the vitamin A deficiency in the cafeteria federation model society.Comparing the vitamin D status of students in 2015 and 2016,students'vitamin D deficiency has increased.There was no significant change in the status of student anemia.ConclusionAfter implementing the“nutrition improvement for rural compulsory education students”program in Qiongzhong County,Hainan Province,the situation of moderate to weightlessness of students has improved,and the scores of primary school students'nutritional knowledge have increased.Students eat breakfast,eat meat and eat vegetables every week.More than 2 times the frequency has increased.The student's anemia rate did not change significantly,and vitamin D and vitamin A insufficiency and lack of conditions increased.There were significant differences in the different feeding patterns. |
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