Study Of Self-management Behaviors And Influential Factors Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Aged 65 And Over In A District Of Shanghai

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease that affects human health worldwide.Controlling diabetes requires not only clinical treatment,but also self-management by patients.Studies show that the self-management behaviors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is at a low level,which affects the disease expectations and quality of life.At the same time,depression is a frequent disease of diabetic patients,which not only aggravates the condition of diabetic patients through hormones and neuroreceptors,but also affects the self-management.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the condition of depression and self-management behaviors and its influential factors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Objectives:(1)To describe the condition of self-management and to explore the influential factors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes;(2)To describe the depression status and to explore the influential factors of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to select 610 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in three communities in Hongkou District,Shanghai.Patients were asked to fill in a series of questionnaires including demographic data,disease-related data,The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire,and Beck Depression Inventory,Health Literacy Management Scale,Diabetes Distress Scale,Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale.Results:(1)The average score of the self-management behavior of the 597 patients who completed the questionnaire was 6.79 ± 1.35 points;(2)Of the 597 patients,83 patients were in depression,accounting for 13.9%;(3)Type 2 diabetes in the elderly Patients’ self-management behaviors are affected by a variety of factors: regular exercise habits,high health literacy and self-efficacy levels,given oral medicines are protective factors for good self-management behaviors;age,abnormal BMI,and distress of diabetes are risk factors for patients’ poor self-management behaviors,and depression is a direct factor to reduce the level of self-management behaviors;(4)Depression in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is affected by the following factors: high level of health literacy,abnormal BMI,hypertension,and diabetes distress are the risk factors of depression;regular exercise habits,using basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,high self-efficacy,and given oral medication states protective factors.Conclusion:The self-management level of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is not ideal,and a certain percentage of patients have depression.Patients ’self-management behavior is affected by many factors,including depression.Patients’ depression is also affected by complex factors.In the daily management of diabetes,we need to pay attention to the self-management level of the patients,especially in the blood glucose monitoring and exercise,the community should carry out relevant education and counseling;we should pay attention to the mental state of the patients in time,through the necessary psychological evaluation means and effective interventions,to avoid the long-term depression of the patients and improve patients’ self-management capabilities and prognosis.