To Explore The Significance Of Dermatoscope And Reflective Confocal Microscopy In The Early Diagnosis Of Infantile Hemangioma And Capillary Malformation

Objective To explore the significance of dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of infantile hemangioma and port wine stain,and to explore the significance of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of port wine stains and naevus simple.Methods(1)242 cases of infantile hemangioma and 149 cases of port wine stains were examined by dermoscopy and reflective confocal microscopy,and their characteristic manifestations were observed under dermoscopy and reflective confocal microscopy.(2)94 cases of naevus simplex and 86 cases of port wine stains were examined by dermoscopy,and their manifestations and differences were observed under dermoscopy.Explore the significance of dermoscopy and reflective confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of infantile hemangioma and port wine stains,andthe significance of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of naevus simplex and port wine stains through statistic analysis.Results(1)The main manifestations of 242 cases of infantile hemangioma under dermoscopy were as follows: red lacunar structure(184/242,76.0%),dilated vessels(106/242,43.8%),helical vessels(102/242,42.1%),dots and globular vessels(30/242,12.4%),reticular vessels(11/242,4.5%),diffuse reddish(10/242,4.1%).The main dermoscopy manifestations of149 cases of port wine stains were as follows: reticular vessels(102/149,68.5%),dots and globular vessels(28/149,18.8%),dilated vessels(18/149,12.1%),helical vessels(5/149,3.4%),diffuse reddish(5/149,3.4%),red lacunar structure(0/149).There was statistic difference in the frequency of helical vessels,dilated vessels and reticular vessels between infantile hemangioma and port wine stain(P<0.05).The incidence of helical vessels and dilated dendritic vessels in infantile hemangioma was higher than port wine stains,while the incidence of reticular vessels in port wine stains was higher than that in infantile hemangioma,and the red lacunar structure was only found in infantile hemangioma.(2)In 242 cases infantile hemangioma patients,honeycomb reticular lacunar structure was observed in 201cases(83.01%)under RCM.In the 149 patients with port wine stains,tubular or circular structures were observed in 20(13.6%)patients,without honeycomb reticular lacunar structure.There was statistic difference in the frequency of tubular or circular structures between infantile hemangioma and port wine stain(P<0.05).(3)The vascular characteristics of 94 cases of naevus simplex under dermatoscope: thin long vessels(79/94,84.0%),reticular vessels(66/94,70.2%),blurred vessels(33/94,35.1%),Sausage like vessels(6/94,9.6%),dilated vessels(5/94,5.3%).The vascular characteristics of 86 cases of port wine stains under dermatoscope:blurred vessels(66/94,70.2%),reticular vessels(57/86,66.3%),thin long vessels(46/86,53.5%),sausage like vessels(29/86,33.7%),dilated vessels(20/86,25.6%).There were statistical differences in the frequency of dilated vessels,thin long vessels,sausage like vessels and blurred vessels(P<0.05).The incidence of dilated linear vessels,sausage like vessels and blurred vessels in port wine stains was higher than that in naevus simplex,and the incidence of thin long vessels was higher than that in port wine stains.Conclusion(1)Red lacunar structure,helical vessels and dilated vessels are the key structures to differentiate infantile hemangioma from port wine stains under dermoscopy.Dermoscopy could be used asnon-invasive tools for the early diagnosis of infantile hemangioma and port wine stains.(2)Sausage like vessels,thin long vessels and the degree of vascular sharpness are the key structures to differentiate port wine stains from naevus simplex under dermoscopy.Dermoscopy could be used as non-invasive tools for the early diagnosis port wine stains and naevus simplex.(3)The characteristic of infantile hemangioma under RCM is honeycomb reticular lacunar structure.The manifestation of port wine stains is tubular or circular structures.RCM could be used as non-invasive tools for the early diagnosis of infantile hemangioma and port wine stains.