A Panel Study On Exposure Of PM_2.5-bound PAHs Induced Respiratory Damage To Healthy Adults

Objectives Fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)exposure is associated with increased prevalence and mortality of cardiopulmonary disease,but the pathogenic mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?PAHs?are a group of the primary organic components in PM_2.5.Although the health effects of PAHs to occupational population have made great progress,only a few studies have investigated the association between exposure to PAHs and health effects in healthy adults.To explore health effect of low-dose and acute exposure of PM_2.5-bound PAHs on respiratory system,a panel study in healthy adults was conducted to assess the PM_2.5 and PAHs personal exposure levels,and to analyze the relationship among PM_2.5,PAHs exposure and health effect.Methods In present study,45 healthy college students were recruited from North China University of Science and Technology in Caofeidian.The PM_2.5 concentration and meteorological data were monitored in indoor?classroom?and outdoor?campus?from November 2017 to November 2018.A follow-up and health examination were conducted in each season to obtain biological samples and personal activity time.The PM_2.5 and PAHs personal exposure concentration were evaluated using the personal microenvironment-time weighted model.A mixed effect model was used to assess the relationship of personal exposure concentration with PM_2.5-bound PAHs of indoor and outdoor,urinary hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?OH-PAHs?,urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine?8-OHd G?,8-iso-prostaglandin-F2a?8-iso-PGF2a?,serum club cell secretory protein?CC16?and lung function.Results 1 The PM_2.5 and PAHs concentration had a significant trend with winter and spring > summer and autumn,and outdoor > indoor in Caofeidian,Tangshan.The PM_2.5 personal exposure concentration in winter,spring,summer and autumn were 86.32 ?g/m3,65.84 ?g/m3,34.45 ?g/m3 and 48.92 ?g/m3,and PAHs personal exposure concentration were 88.84 ng/m3,31.06 ng/m3,17.29 ng/m3 and 25.55 ng/m3,respectively.Regression analysis showed that the PAHs personal exposure concentration had a significant positive association with outdoor PM_2.5,indoor and outdoor PAHs,and PM_2.5 personal exposure concentration?P < 0.05?.Each 10 ?g/m3 increase of outdoor PM_2.5 and PM_2.5 personal exposure concentration were associated with 0.46%?95%CI: 0.10%,0.81%?and 0.41%?95%CI: 0.23%,0.59%?increase in PAHs personal exposure concentration,respectively.Each 10 ng/m3 increase of indoor and outdoor PAHs concentration were associated with 1.14%?95%CI: 1.10%,1.18%?and 0.54%?95%CI: 0.49%,0.60%?increase in PAHs personal exposure concentration,respectively.Indoor PAHs had a greater contribution to the personal exposure than that of outdoor.2 The personal exposure concentration was found to have a significant correlations with 2-hydroxynaphthalene?2-OHNap?,1-hydroxyphenanthrene?1-OHPhe?,forced vital capacity?FVC?,forced expiratory volume in one second?FEV₁?and 8-iso-PGF_2?.The PAHs personal exposure concentration had a maximum negative effects on FVC and FEV₁?P < 0.05?at lag0,lag1,lag5,lag0-1 and lag0-2 days.The PM_2.5 personal exposure had a correlation with 8-iso-PGF_2? at only lag0-5 days.While each 10 ng/m3 increase of PAHs personal exposure concentration was associated with 0.50%?95%CI: 0.15%,0.86%?,0.45%?95%CI: 0.13%,0.76%?,0.35%?95%CI: 0.13%,0.56%?,0.24%?95%CI: 0.07%,0.40%?and 0.14%?95%CI: 0.05%,0.23%?increase in 8-iso-PGF_2? at lag0,lag1,lag4,lag0-1 and lag0-2 respectively.Furthermore,the relationships of 2-OHNap and 1-OHPhe with health effects were analyzed.The results showed that 2-OHNap and 1-OHPhe had a negative correlation with FVC and FEV₁,and a positive correlation with 8-iso-PGF_2??all P < 0.05?.Conclusions 1 The PM_2.5 and PAHs concentrations showed a significant trend of winter > summer and outdoor > indoor in Caofeidian,Tangshan.The personal exposure concentration had a significant positive association with PM_2.5 and PAHs concentrations of indoor and outdoor.The indoor PAHs had a greater contribution to the personal exposure than that of outdoor.2 The personal exposure concentration had a positive correlation with 2-OHNap,1-OHPhe and 8-iso-PGF_2?,but a negative correlation with FVC and FEV₁ over various lag times.These results illustrated that the short-term PAHs personal exposure had a dose-response relationship with lung function decline.2-OHNap and 1-OHPhe might be potential internal biomarkers of PM_2.5-bound PAHs exposure.Figure 10;Table 11;Reference 131...