Efficacy Of Protein And Peptide Of East Asian Migratory Locust In Reducing Hyperlipidemia

With the improvement of people's living standards and changes in eating habits around the world,hyperlipidemia has gradually become the "first killer" that seriously endangers the health of all human beings,and the incidence rate is increasing year by year.Studies have found that hyperlipidemia is the basis of several chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis,coronary heart disease,peripheral vascular disease,ischemic cerebrovascular disease,and pancreatitis.Studies have shown that animal protein can be used as a hypolipidemic drug.However,less research has been done on the hypolipidemic effect of insect proteins.Insects have the characteristics of high protein,low fat,and low cholesterol,and because of their reasonable nutritional structure,less meat fiber,and easy to absorb.Among them,insect protein is a "quality protein",which is significantly better than plant protein and meat protein in all aspects.East Asian migratory locust(Locustamigratoriamanilensis)is a medicinal and edible dual-use insect.Therefore,in this study,we used East Asian migratory locusts as raw materials to extract proteins and used animal experiments to verify the inhibitory effect of their proteins and peptides on hyperlipidemia,which provided new ideas and theoretical basis for the development of insect resources.The main research contents are as follows:1.Optimization of the extraction process of East Asian migratory locust protein and peptide: The protein and peptide were extracted from East Asian migratory locust by salt extraction method and enzymatic hydrolysis extraction method.Orthogonal experiment and single factor investigation were used to set 4 factors and 3 Optimize the protein and peptide extraction formula of East Asian migratory locust.The results showed that the optimal extraction time of the salt extraction method was 2.5h,the temperature was 45°C,the number of extractions was twice,and the NaCl concentration was 0.4%.Under this condition,the protein extraction rate reached 75.3% after confirmatory experiments.The predicted values are basically consistent.Under the same conditions,the degree of hydrolysis of the neutral protease is the best for the extraction of peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis.The optimal process for neutral protease is a reaction time of 3 hours,a reaction temperature of 40°C,a material-liquid ratio of 1: 8,and an enzyme concentration of 0.3%.2.Study on the lipid-lowering effect of protein and peptide of East Asian migratory locust: normal feed group(normal control group CON),model group(HFD group),positive control group(fluvastatin sodium group PCG),ultrafine powder locust intervention group(HDF + P8)8g/kg,salt extraction protein intervention group(HDF + S8)8g/kg,enzymatic protein intervention low group(HDF + E2)2g/kg,enzymatic protein intervention middle group(HDF + E4)4g/kg,enzymolytic protein intervention high group(HDF + E8)8g/kg,fed for four weeks.The results showed that East Asian migratory locust proteins and peptides significantly reduced high-fat diet(HFD)-induced weight gain(p<0.05 or p<0.01),reduced total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein in serum.(LDL),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),rat lipopolysaccharide(LPS),rat tumor necrosis factor(TNF-?),and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels(p <0.05 or p < 0.01),increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),cytochrome P450(CYP2E1)(p<0.05 or p<0.01),and reduced the rat body Accumulation of liver fat.Through western blotting and RT-qPCR gene expression,East Asian migratory locust and East Asian migratory locust protein and peptide can activate related pathways such as PPAR/AMPK/ Nrf2,inhibit liver fat metabolism disorder,reduce oxidative stress response,and regulate hyperlipidemia.In summary,East Asian migratory locusts and East Asian migratory locust proteins and peptides can improve fatty liver and oxidative stress responses in hyperlipidemia rats.By stimulating and improving the fat metabolism pathway,the lipid metabolism disorder caused by the high-fat diet is improved,and the prevention effect on hyperlipidemia is finally achieved.Therefore,East Asian migratory locust proteins and peptides can be further developed as health products to prevent hyperlipidemia.