Study On Evaluation Of Edible Safety Of Cultivated Cordyceps Militaris And Selenium-Enriched Cordyceps Militaris

As a traditional edible and medicinal fungus in China,Cordyceps militaris has a long history of use,and its deep-processed products are popular in domestic and foreign markets.It is worth noting that the current artificial cultivation technology has been able to selectively enrich or enhance varietys of bioactive components of Cordyceps militaris,resulting in a huge difference in the content of the core active components of Cordyceps militaris in the market circulation;therefore,the quantitative description of the internal quality of Cordyceps militaris is an indispensable part of the evaluation system of the edible safety of Cordyceps militaris,which has great theoretical significance and social value for the scientific development utilization and the healthy development of Cordyceps militaris.In this paper,the common Cordyceps militaris and selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris as the research objects,and cultivated in the Institute of special fungus industry of Shenyang Normal University.Firstly,the core biological components of Cordyceps militaris were quantitatively detected by HPLC,anthrone sulfate and atomic absorption spectrometry.Secondly,through the acute toxicity test,the 30-day feeding test and the subchronic toxicity test,systematically evaluate the food safety of the two Cordyceps militaris,the main research results are as follows:(1)There are obvious differences in the internal quality between the seleniumenriched Cordyceps militaris and the common Cordyceps militaris.The contents of cordycepin,adenosine,polysaccharide,selenium and calcium in selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris were significantly higher than those in common Cordyceps militaris(P<0.05),and the contents of zinc and iron in common Cordyceps militaris were significantly higher than those in selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris(P<0.05).(2)In the acute toxicity test,the mortality rate of selenium-enriched group was 40%,the average body weight,daily drinking water and diet decreased significantly(P < 0.05),the liver index,ALT activity,selenium content in liver and kidney were significantly higher than that of the blank group(P<0.05),100 times of seleniumenriched Cordyceps militaris caused certain acute damage to the liver function of mice,and selenium poisoning appeared.There was no abnormal phenomenon was detected in the common group.(3)In the 30 day feeding experiment,the daily diet of mice in the 10 times and 30 times groups of common Cordyceps militaris was significantly lower than that in the blank group(P<0.05),the serum creatinine level was significantly increased,and the kidney and stomach index in the 30 times group was significantly lower than that in the blank group(P<0.05).Selenium poisoning occurred in mice of 30 times group of selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris,100% died within 7 days of the experiment,The body weight,daily diet and daily drinking water of mice in the 3 times and 10 times groups were significantly lower than those in the blank group(P<0.05),the liver index was significantly higher(P<0.05),while the kidney index was significantly lower(P<0.05),and the serum creatinine level in the 10 times group was significantly increased.It is preliminarily determined that 10 times or more of the dosage of Cordyceps militaris for a long time will cause obvious damage to the kidney of the body.3 times dosage of common Cordyceps militaris is a relatively safe dosage,but the dosage of selenium-enriched cordyceps militaris should not exceed 3 times.(4)In the subchronic toxicity test,there were no cases of poor physical condition and death in each group,and no pathological changes of organs and abnormal blood biochemical indexes were observed.Long term use of the recommended dose of Cordyceps militaris had no negative effect on the development and metabolism of the body.