The Scholars’ Dilemma And Transformation Under The Circumstance Of The Combination Of Orthodoxy And Governance Systems In The Early Qing Dynasty

The combination of orthodoxy and governance systems is ideal political pattern to Confucian for a long time,expressing the expectations which Confucian literati have on the monarch about the combination of political and morality.But this ideal state is only a glimpse of the Ancient Three Generations,from Confucius on,the combination of political and morality is separated,the monarch which is also a teacher is divided into two.Since then,the Confucian scholars begin to have a clear orthodoxy consciousness,they consciously assume the orthodoxy,and the monarch represents the governance system,which are formed of two interdependent systems.On the one hand,the Confucian Scholars hope to control the world by morality with the emperor,on the other hand,by instilling the Confucian idea to the monarch,they want to meet and achieve the pursuit of ideal personality about the emperors of "The combination of orthodoxy and governance" imagination.As a alien regime,the early Qing ruler is facing challenges from Han nationality scholars which are about its political legitimacy and authority,so they have to adopt a series of measures to eliminate the ethnic thinking of Han Chinese,and construct the image of imperial orthodoxy successfully,establish the political formation of "the combination of orthodoxy and governance".The early Qing Dynasty scholars show different attitudes toward the emperor’s political intentions of constructing the image.The Confucians in imperial court extremely advocate and support the emperor’s action,they play an important role in the process which the Qing Dynasty establish the image successfully,they uphold the idea as a role of orthodoxy,and spread the Confucianism to the emperor by Jin Yan teaching,which is a special way to accelerate the Confucianism process of Manchuria nobility and early Qing Dynasty emperor especially,by attributing the image of Orthodoxy to the emperor,the Confucian scholars dispel the spirit plight of working for alien regime.The Ming Dynasty Adherents hold on the “foreign differences”,and highlight the absolute racism to reject the legitimacy and authority of the Qing Dynasty’s orthodoxy image.The result of a contest between them is: whether Confucians or Ming Dynasty Adherents,their political status and thinking change.The JingYan in which the scholars spread their thinking to the emperor as a role of “teacher of the world”become to a place where the emperor instruct courtiers.The scholar eventually become the building person with monarch on Qing imperial autocratic consciousness.The adherents’ nationalistic feelings disappear in the critique of the imperial power.It seem to be a ideal political state in the opinion of Confucian scholars,when the Early Qing emperors finally establish the image of the combination of orthodoxy and governance systems.But in fact,once the dominator control the right to speak the orthodoxy,they deprive the scholars’ discourse power,and orthodoxy will gradually be became a tool of governance systems.Scholars thus face the spiritual dilemma which the private space is compressed and the discourse power of orthodoxy lose.It results a panic and self-depression.Facing with this,the Confucian scholars turn to seek a new place to express their thought and wisdom,demand to find space for living from textology.