A Study Of Hakka Words In Guidong,Hunan Province

This article takes Guidong Hakka dialect as the research object,uses the method of field investigation,comparative method to describe the combination of linguistics and historical linguistics,and collects and collate about 3000 Gui Dong Hakka dialects.The essay attempts to analyze the meanings of Hakka dialects in Guidong,the forms of the words,the reasons for the formation of the words,the reasons for the formation of the vocabulary features,and at the same time compares them with that of the Mandarin to summarize the characteristics of the Hakka dialect in Guidong.The semantic analysis mainly discusses the difference of lexical meaning between Hakka dialect and Mandarin dialect in Guidong,including three aspects:the size of lexical meaning,the homonymy,and the emotional color.The morphological analysis mainly discusses the similarities and differences between the Hakka dialect and the Mandarin in the number of syllables,the morphemes,the affixes of the word formations,and the plural nouns of the personal pronouns.We find that there is a significant difference in syllable count between the Hakka dialect and the Mandarin in the east of relationship.These are mainly finger nouns and appellations,and contain a small number of verbs and adjectives.There are more suffixes in the Hakka dialect of Gui Dong,such as "Da"(?),"Zi"(?),"Tou"(?),"Ku"(?),"Po"(?)and "Gong"(?).The analysis of word-making motives in the Hakka dialect of Guidong mainly includes three aspects:direct naming,twisting naming,and the influence of cognitive styles.It also discusses the way of thinking and customs of the Guidong Hakkas contained in the Hakka dialect words.The vocabulary characteristics of the Hakka dialect in Guidong are mainly caused by changes in the number of syllables,retention of ancient words,and language contact.There are more ancient Chinese words,ancient dialect words,modem Chinese words and a few Baiyue words in the vocabulary of Guidong Hakka dialect.Because of historical reasons,they have exchanged and merged with various dialects such as Yi,Xiang and Xiang dialects.These are the important reasons for the formation of the vocabulary features of the Hakka dialect in the east of relationship.