A Corpus-based Study Of Affixes In Anyang Dialect

Chinese dialects are rich and colorful.As the components of dialect vocabulary,dialect affixes are more complex and diverse,which makes dialect vocabulary in different regions have their own characteristics.However,there are many researches about southern dialect affixes,few researches about dialect affixes in northern China.Anyang,a historical and cultural city,is located in the northern part of Henan Province of the Central Plains,and borders on Shanxi Province.Anyang dialect belongs to Hanxin area of Jin dialect.Special geographical position and long history and culture of Anyang determine its distinctive linguistic features.Anyang dialect research occupies a very important position in Henan dialect research.Based on a self-built corpus of Anyang dialect and taking affixes as the research object,this study aims to show overall features of affixes in Anyang dialect comprehensively,systematically and intuitively,to generalize the most commonly used affixes with Anyang local characteristics,and to analyze their characteristics from the aspects of classification and function.The research results show that there are about twenty affixes existing in Anyang dialect,including prefixes,infixes and suffixes.The numbers of prefixes and suffixes are rather larger,and suffixes occupy the largest proportion among all affixes.The most commonly used affixes with local characteristics are suffix DE and suffix ER.The overall features of affixes in Anyang dialect are described as imbalance,complementarity,class attributes,universality and particularity.As for suffix DE,it can act as noun suffix,adjective suffix,adverb suffix and quantifier suffix,and noun suffix accounts for the largest portion.As for suffix ER,it can exist as the noun suffix,verb suffix,adjective suffix,adverb suffix and quantifier suffix,and noun suffix makes up the largest portion.Suffix DE and suffix ER have the same functions of creating new words,distinguishing lexical meaning,changing the part of speech and indicating the meaning of petite and cute.The study of affixes in Anyang dialect is of great importance to explore its local characteristics,to promote the communication among people in different regions and to inherit and enrich the regional culture.