Archaeological Study On The Black Glaze Porcelain From The Northern Dynasties To Tang Dynasty In Northern China

The black glaze porcelain plays an important part in Chinese ceramics.However,there exists two propensities when it comes to study and admire the black glaze porcelain.One is focusing on the porcelains excavated in the south China;the other one is the attention on the relics which belongs to the Warring States,Qin,Han,Song Dynasties and later.To have an integrated knowledge of the black glaze porcelain excavated in north china,this paper is divided into three parts after sorting out related archaeological materials.Firstly,we can get a general knowledge about the production of the black glaze porcelain through reorganizing materials of kiln site.Among a plenty of relating kilns,this paper mainly talks about a certain kilns in detail which have a large scale of production or play a pretty crucial role in the history of black glaze porcelain,such as GongYi Kiln,Xing Kiln,HuangPu Kiln,LinShui Kiln.Sheets are used to present the rest of kilns which have s small scale of production or lack of detailed information.Every detailed discuss part contains stratum dividing,production feature,kiln furniture using,production period dividing.Secondly,after getting a whole cognition of black glaze porcelain' production,the second part of this paper emphasizes on analyzing the relics unearthed from tombs in north China,with other materials excavated in the ancient city sites and ancient canals as a supplementary,to discuss the transport and distribution of them.Based on the first part of this paper,we can divide these materials into five stage in time concerning about historical period dividing and characters of these relics.The five stages are the North Dynasties to Sui Dynasty,early Tang Dynasty,flourishing Tang Dynasty,middle Tang Dynasty,late Tang Dynasty.In each period,there are some variable influencing factors such as ceramic production,politician,economy,religion and military affairs.Finally,there are two preliminary discuss on the related questions.One is the decoration;the other is the impact of the black glaze porcelain in south China on these in north China.Since the black glaze porcelain came up in north China and became mature in Tang Dynasty,there are a quantity of ingenious and delicate decoration techniques,such as the white lines made by scraping,white patterns made by snicking and inlaying,the big flower patterns made by black glaze,the two-tone glaze,color glaze,the fancy patterns made by scissor-cut.Some techniques are owned by a certain kiln or district.But most of the techniques are shared and spread between kilns.As for the second question,this paper compares the kinds and produce methods between porcelains excavated in north and south China in their separate initial stage,use ceramic technology to compare the body and glaze between the north products and the south products,thus to get a cognition that the black glaze porcelains of north China are invented and produced independently and gain little influence from the south.