Kant And The Theory Of Politics-Religion Relationship In The Modern West

The issue of the relationship between politics and religion has always been a focus of academic attention.This issue not only affects the division of power in the two fields,but also relates to the political status of the country and the people's living conditions.Since the Middle Ages,with the wave of the Enlightenment Movement and the Renaissance,the idea of democratization,such as liberal democracy,has been widely recognized and accepted.However,philosophers from the political point of view or religious perspective,found that the Politics-Religion Relationship can not be separate,But intrinsically maintaining a complex relationship.But some political philosophers,from a political or religious point of view,have found that the true relationship between politics and religion does not seem to be as separate or unrelated as it appears to be,but rather to maintain a complex relationship internally with important forces of influence.In the first chapter of the thesis,three modern Western political philosophers of Hobbes,Locke and Rousseau appeared in chronological order and showed their own political theory and religious thought,and their mutual relations.Hobbes ' thirst for the sole sovereign in state matters is the desire to eliminate war and its possibilities,a greater degree of preservation of life and property.Because of the isomorphism of religion and politics,and the nature of religion itself determines that the political and religious relations on the surface must be closely integrated into the "political sovereignty" under the under.Locke,based on the background of his time,proposed the separation of church and religion and the idea of religious tolerance.He hoped that by limiting the influence of religion or belief to the personal spiritual realm,he would avoid the transgression of political affairs,treat religious dissent with a tolerant spirit,and ensure that religion did not interfere with people's earthly life order.The political and religious relations should be in a separate state,the complete separation of religion and politics gradually evolve into the lack of people's belief,the irresponsible and indifferent to the state and the politics,and the state power without the people's sincere support and affection has great war risk.Rousseau hopes to improve the existing "national religion" and "natural religion" on the basis of the creation of a "civic religion" suited to political domination,which has good religious teachings and political provisions,helps to resolve political and religious contradictions,and the relationship between the church and the religion is renewed,but this time it is unified into "politics".In this part,we can see that every philosopher is to make up and perfect the defects in the previous thought,but will not consciously cause new problems,and the new problems should be left to the next philosopher until a close and perfect theoretical scheme is produced.The second chapter of this paper introduces the logical starting point of Kant's theory of political-religion relationship.Kant's exploration of politics is further than the first three philosophers,and is no longer limited to the contradictions caused by improper handling of domestic political and religious relations,but profoundly realizes the dialectical relationship between domestic politics and international politics.In this part,according to Kant's point of view,this paper expounds the basic principles of political society and the close relationship between morality and politics,stating that politics cannot solve disputes and conflicts by its own power alone.it relies on the help of morals,and morally promotes the reality of political ideas,while the political right and protection of morality is carried out.The logical development of Kant's relationship between politics and religion has been spread,and morality has become a bridge between political and religious relations.Then,entering into the third chapter of the article,under the logic of Kant's theory of politics,morality is bound to lead to religion by its nature,the tendency of mankind to overcome evil and the continuous improvement of virtue is the result of the combination of morality and religion.In general,existing religions do have a religious nature that can be exploited,but there is no pure moral,so Kant established a true religion-pure moral religion,moral sublimation to a higher level,that is,the level of religious belief,morality into a new religion,religion into a new morality.Morality and religion are a combined existence in Kant's sense.This new interpretation is the further development of the theory of political and religious relations,but in the light of the reality of the pure moral religion,it can not replace the existing religion to solve the political problems.Because of the promotion of morality,so that the political is promoted,the religion is constrained.Finally,we can draw the conclusion that through the study of the thought of three philosophers in modern times,the state of the political-religious relationship should exist in the way of "political education",but some doubts have been left.Kant has responded to and perfected their theoretical defects through the idea of "pure moral religion".In Kant's context,the relationship between politics and religion is the moral imperative to effectively guide politics,the ethical community guides the political community,the moral religion to guide the existing general religion.In the final analysis,it is expected that the political and religious(moral)to form a strong force to solve the human society in the war and conflict frequently issue,To help people realize their dreams of true peace and live a happy and secure life.