Study On The Paradigm Shift Of Dong Zhongshu's Political Confucianism

The development of the political Confucianism paradigm revolves around the two main lines of "relationship between heaven and man" and "ethics and politics".Among them,"the relationship between heaven and man" is related to the Confucian reconstruction order,and tries to give order to the innate legitimacy,which is the thought to the political and political subjects;The essence of "ethics and politics" is in the relationship of benevolence,whether it can be promoted by the inner sanctity of the king,moral ethics and political practice who can occupy the dominant theoretical question.The development of the political Confucianism paradigm,from the pre-qin Confucius and Mencius to the Dong Zhongshu of western Han dynasty,has undergone great theoretical transformation in both aspects.The pre-Qin period of Confucian "harmony" is one of the main characteristics,namely in humanitarian level highlights the human subject consciousness and value,to translate the relate between nature and man into every social member,make day as value ontology,become the common basis of individual morality.Confucius attaches great importance to the humanitarian,weaken day in theory of divinity and master at the same time,gives us dominance,a move aimed at reducing the influence on humanitarian,heaven will people naturalness,religious worship of the heaven to the inner self transcendence,morality,to restore order in the carrier of return to itself.In the period of Xuncius,divided between heaven and man is the biggest characteristic of the relationship between heaven and man,here,the heaven-man relationship is completely separated,"Tian" radical became to natural,tools and material of a kind of material existence,Xuncius stripping day metaphysical properties,but also eliminate the day sanctity of Confucianism in the pre-Qin politics and transcendence,the Confucian harmony paradigm lost moral metaphysics.In the new political unification,Dong Zhongshu in constructing the philosophical system of "Tian",at the same time of set up the absolute dominance of the sky,through the method of "integration between heaven and man",keep the "Tian" to human's participants and guide,and people with day's "blood relationship" in theory,also reversed the development trend of the pre-Qin period divided between heaven and man.The essence of "ethical politics" is the relationship between benevolence and propriety.It can also be used as the dominant question in moral ethics and political practice.Political ethics,namely to dominant political ethics,in the building the legal structure of Confucius,the feudal clan,the best way to maintain social and political order,it depends on the blood ties between the clan members and filial piety and devotion and established social relations and hierarchy,thus the external demand,"the ritual" interpreted as inner heart lawful mandatory were replaced by a ethics consciousness,not only through the intrinsic connection between "benevolence,also to form ethics politicization of paradigm.Then Mencius "to the heart of the" development "to people of administration",good sex theory as the basis of kingly way politics,strengthen the ethics to guide the development direction of political practice,the purpose of the political practice requirements into ethical requirements,also makes the political activities have positive ethical foundation,thoroughly through the inner link between ethics and politics,and politics dominated ethics initial shift,is produced in Xuncius."Unified" regime in the late warring states,Xuncius has been aware of the ethics has been unable to guide the political order,the reality is not in accordance with the ethical order of default to a well-ordered development,and restore the ethics gives political orientation,just to fill the shortage,it provides a breakthrough point,Xuncius ethics should be brought into the political receive with political mind,the idea of the "evil" is developed in this context.After dong Xuncius,slam the door to the ethics and political discussion on the theory of human nature level,the ethics and politics isomorphism,make both as a whole into the system,in the absolute dominance of "Tian",the monarchy is endowed with absolute ethical appeal and political authority,ethical and political system orbiting days constituted to maintain social order,neither let the political melt on ethics,it wouldn't make ethics is veiled in politics,so,a new day as the core of the ethical politics paradigm already be vividly portrayed.The transformation of Dong Zhongshu's political Confucian paradigm is not only the inevitable trend of the development of the political Confucianism in the pre-Qin period,but also closely related to the realistic causes of the "great unification" politics.The pre-Qin political Confucianism attaches great importance to the humanitarian,Confucius focused on the main body of morality and human nature,Xuncius locate in Confucianism,method and effect,makes the rationality of the Confucian music system lacks a congenital support,also lost the political legitimacy explanation say,these factors make Confucianism theory in other schools face a "unified" regime when the choice,there is no any advantage at all.Dong system transformation of Confucianism,blend in "day" political Confucianism paradigm,the Confucianism has the power of interpretation of the heaven,and the "day" as the ultimate basis of Confucian political order,and Ephraim day as the way,the laws of ethics set up for the "unified" regime provides a feasible scheme for reconstruction,managed to replace the knowledge of the decline of the situation,through the "ousted hundred," the author,in the Han dynasty national ideology.However there is a new paradigm in order to better solve the problem of history,Dong Zhongshu's political Confucianism paradigm is only theoretical presupposition and complete,in its political interaction with reality,still appeared some dissimilation phenomena and problems compared with the pre-Qin paradigm.Confucianism in the Han dynasty formed a kind of national ideology,with its attribute is closely related to politics,has developed into the attachment in political classics,these are the new paradigm theory defects reflect reality.