Psychological Development Of Children With Specific Learning Disorder And Its Influencing Factors

Objective: to make a preliminary screening for children with specific learning disorder(SLD)in Haikou,to compare the psychological development level of children with SLD and normal children in Haikou,to understand their social outcomes,to compare the risk factors and family factors in pregnant,child birth and baby nursing period,early childhood in Haikou and to understand the risk and protective factors of the children with SLD and normal children.The relationship between family environment,SLD and psychological development of children with learning disorder is discussed.Methods: the relevant information on the teachers was adopted by the questionnaire on the parenting style evaluation scale,the family environment scale and the self compiled questionnaire on specific learning disability,the questionnaire for the assessment of children's psychological development,the questionnaire on the risk factors of pregnancy,production lactation and early childhood in three primary,three and five grade students in the three primary schools.Interviews and surveys of parents were collected.Results: 1)162 children with SLD were screened among 1179 students,the detectable rate was 13.74%,of which 107 boys(16.74%)and 55 girls(10.19%);2)copaired with normal childre,children with SLD had poorer psychological development level including in life skills(t= 2.65,p<0.01),self and character(t=2.93,p<0.01)and learning(t=5.48,p<0.001);3)the significant difference of the risk factors was found between SLD children and normal children which occurred in pregnancy,child birth and baby nursing period,early childhood;compaired with normal chilidren,parents of children with SLD had too much rejectl and denial(father:t= 2.86,p<0.01;mother: t=3.93,p<0.001),and the mother had more interference(t=2.78,p<0.001);meanwhile,compared with normal children,children with SLD were lower in family intimacy(t=-4.25,p<0.001),emotional expression(t=-3.24,p<0.001),knowledge(t=-2.16,p<0.01),and higher in contradictoriness(t=2.37,p<0.05);4)the correlation analysis showed that the contradictoriness of the family environment was positively correlated with SLD(r=0.13,p<0.05),while success of family environment was negitively correlatedwith SLD(r=-0.14,p<0.05);among children with SLD,family intimacy had a significant positive correlation with social communication(r=0.31,p<0.001),self and character(r=0.18,p<0.05),learning(r=0.13,p<0.05);family knowledge had a significant positive correlation with self and character(r=0.13,p<0.05);in addition,among children with SLD,family control had a significant negative correlation with learning(r=-0.17,p<0.05).Conclusion: the psychological development level of children with SLD is lagging behind normal children;compared with normal children,SLD children are more likely to be exposed to risk factors during pregnancy,child birth and baby nursing period,early childhood;the differences in parenting patterns,family social and environmental characteristics are obvious,and the relationship between family function,SLD and SLD childrens` psychological development is mutually causality;good family function has a protective effect on the psychological development of SLD children.