The Research Of Wang Fuzhi's National Viewpoint

Wang Fuzhi is one of the most representative thinkers in the late Ming and early Qi ng dynasties.There are two reasons for his ethnic outlook.First,the social turmoil an d complex ethnic conflicts in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties leads Wang Fuzhi t o form a fierce ethnic outlook.Second,it is the result of the inheritance and develop ment of the traditional Confucianism "Yixia View".Wang Fuzhi's national viewpoint mainly includes the following aspects:Firstly,Wang Fuzhi's "Huayi's Discrimination" inherits the advantages and disadvantages o f Chinese culture,and he also innovatively puts forward the "Gas Theory".Moreover,t he differences in race among Huayi are influenced by the regional features of the ir particular residential areas.Secondly,Wang Fuzhi emphasizes that "Huayi's def ense" is the rule of heaven and earth,based on the rule "Huayi is different".Th irdly,Wang Fuzhi advocates that because of the different natures of various ethnic gro ups,they need to obey the rule "Everyone lives in his own area and I will not invad e",opposes ethnic diversity and ethnic intermarriage,based on the theory of Han cultur al superiority.They believe that they can "change Yi with Xia" and have a dialectica 1 view of ethnic assimilation.Fourthly,it opposes ethnic wars and the Central Plains re gime's reliance on the strong and weak,and even scolds ethnic minorities for invading t he Central Plains.Fifthly,Wang Fuzhi adheres to the supremacy of national interests.He believes that the Han regime can only be taken over by Han people but not by ethn ic minorities."It can be sent,can be inherited,but can not be changed and can not be ma de to be different." And whether to safeguard the national interests as a criterion and bas is for evaluating historical practices and historical figures,such as re-elaboration of "th e identification of Weizhou" and so on.Sixthly,he puts forward the "Orthodox view".The Han nationality can only implement national independence,but ethnic minoritie s rule the Han nationality,destroying the "Orthodox".As a result,God will naturally p unish the nation.This is also a concrete manifestation of his anti-Qing theory as a repres entative of the Han nationality.However,Wang Fuzhi's ethnic view is narrow.In many of his works,ethnic minor ities are called "animals" with pejorative meanings.It is also specific because during th e middle age,he joined the rapids and participated in the political and military rebellio n against the Qing Dynasty.During his political exile and his return to the country in hi s later years,he was unable to overthrow the Qing court,but he still did not give up hi s anti-Qing ideology.Determined to inherit the traditional Spring and Autumn Confucia nism and put forward new opinions,he can see his opposition to ethnic minorities every where.His ethnic view is always aimed at safeguarding the interests of the Han nationalit y,and is also a typical Han nationality view.When the national interests were infringe d and people's national consciousness was awakened,this idea became the theoretical ba sis of the modern political revolution and nationalism because it safeguarded the interest s of the Han nationality.He profoundly influenced the political opinions of Zeng Guofa n,Tan Sitong,Zhang Taiyan,and Sun Yat-sen.In particular,the bourgeois revolutionari es were deeply influenced by Wang Fuzhi's anti-Manchu influence.They all advocated t hat in order to achieve national independence,they should first violently overthrow th e Manchu regime.This idea was summarized by Sun Zhongshan as:nationalism,"remo ving embarrassment,and restoring China.".