The Study Of Silk Export And Its Industry Influence In Hangzhou During The Period Of The Republic Of China (1912-1937)

Silk is a traditional industry of China,with the integration of Chinese industry and capital market,silk as an important domestic good to go to the stage of the world trade,and become the main means of China's balance of trade deficit.In modern times,like many domestic goods and the foreign trade of Chinese silk under the world experienced the baptism of the global market,and gradually after striking many snags it was developing to modernization.Hangzhou is a productivity gathering place of traditional silk industry.Silk production is a pillar industry in Hangzhou and its surrounding counties and cities,during the long-term internal trade,it was formed a completely product and sale system.Deeply changes have taken place in this traditional industry after Shanghai customs and Hangzhou customs opened.At that time,the foreign silk trade is the main export goods of Hangzhou customs,main export goods are silk waste,silk raw white steam filature,silk piece goods.International trade is not an isolated event,it needs to be considered as a whole.In the early twentieth century,there were two big changes in the world's silk market:the rise of Japanese silk and the prosperity of American raw silk market.Japan's raw silk improvement activities made Japanese silk surpass Chinese silk in 1909 and became the most important exporter of raw silk in the world.The prosperity of the silk market in the United States due to the prosperity of silk manufacturing industry.Since 1915,the United States has consumed more than half of the world's raw silk each year,This is the external situation of Hangzhou silk export.The increase in the export of Hangzhou silk in the period of the Republic of China is closely related to the rapid rise of the American silk market,which is the external factor of the silk export in Hangzhou.Domestic traffic,politic,climate and other reasons constitute the internal situation that affect the export of silk.Under the influence of these two situations,the export of silk in Hangzhou has gone through a fluctuating process during the period of the Republic of China.From the customs data,we can see the uncertainty statistical number of the export of Hangzhou silk.The quality and scale ofHangzhou's silk production can not meet the needs of the international market.Therefore,the voice of improving the Chinese silk is becoming more and more loudly.In the same time,the modernization of the silk industry is proceeding.These activities were happening in Hangzhou,the most important activities of Chinese silk improving were the improvement of silkworm and the improvement of silk education,industrial modernization includes the modernization of the silk manufacturing industry and silk reeling industry.The silk trade promoted by export has greatly promoted the industrial transformation of Hangzhou's silk industry.It also enables the Chinese people to have a clearer understanding of the international trade system and to realize the great power of science and technology's function in production,This is also a typical process of the self-improvement movement of Chinese goods in modern China.