Research On The Localization Of Shanghai Christian Middle School(1850-1937)

Xuhui middle school founded in 1850 is the first Christian middle school in Shanghai.Influenced by the western powers,more and more Christian middle schools were founded in Shanghai from then on.Since Shanghai Christian middle schools were established,for its own development,they have adapted to the changes of Chinese society and made referoms and explorations actively.We mainly discuss the process of the localization of Shanghai Christian middle schools from 1850 to 1937.Localization refers to the process through which the Christian middle schools accommodate the Chinese society and become less religious.Literature research methods,statistical methods and comparative methods are used in this paper to study the localization of Shanghai Christian middle schools.First,we briefly introduce the general development of Shanghai Christian middle schools.The development is summarized in three periods,the rise,the growing and the reform,and we discuss each of this three periods in detail.Second,we discuss the localization reforms and explorations from the view of administration management,school system and curriculum,teachers and students.As for the localization of administration,the objectives of Christian middle schools were changed to train new citizens for the country;the administration modes wre changed from the charge by the president to the charge by the board of the school;the school's funding sources were diversified and they no longer mainly depended on religious organizations.The school system of the Christian middle school was also gradually localized;the contents of the previous courses were constantly integrated into the Confucian classics,and later Christian middle schools were increasingly concerned about the Chinese local curriculum reform.In terms of teachers,Western teachers pay attention to the study of traditional Chinese culture,and the proportion of Chinese teachers in the later stages grew up gradually.The students' management in the Christian schools implemented disciplinary guidance,and the employment orientation of graduates are diversified;students showed strong patriotism,and it is a hidden expression in the process of the localization of Christian middle schoolAt last,we take the Qingxin middle school as an example and illustrate the process of localization.To clearly demonstrate the localization of Shanghai Christian middle schools,we organized our discussion by the administration,the funding,school system,the curriculums and the students.