A Cognitive Semantics And Collocation Theory Approach To The Investigation Of "V+あげる" Compound Verbs

The compound verb in Japanese is not only abundant in quantity,but also used frequently in daily life.It plays an important role in communication and expression.However,it is very difficult to use the compound verb correctly.Especially the "V+あげる" not only contains numerous meaning,but also is easy to be confused with the Chinese "V+上" meaning and usage,which is difficult to grasp.Nevertheless,"V+あげる" is frequently being used,which can be regarded as the basic compound verb.Most previous studies analyzed the meaning of "V+あげる" simply,and researched into the theory of cognitive semantics rarely,from which the collocation theory was never mentioned.From this point of view,the research of cognitive semantics and collocation theory focusing on the "V+あげる" is very significant.On the basis of summarizing researches of predecessors,this paper utilizes the viewpoint of cognitive semantics to analyze the semanteme of "V+あげる".130 basic"V+あげる" are selected,and the search engine "NINJAL-LWP for BCCWJ" is employed to collect and analyze real examples.The results illustrate that the semanteme of "V+あげる" can be divided into five classes as "rise","improve","respect","complete" and "emphasize".Among them,"rise" is the prototype meaning,which can become abstract by means of metaphor theory,producing the derived meanings of "improve"→ "respect · complete"→"emphasize" successively.Thus,the relationship between the derived meanings becomes clear.On the basis of cognitive semantics analysis,the collocation theory is used to investigate the usage of "V+あげる" from the viewpoint of phase collocation.9 representative words are selected from the 130 "V+あげる",which are also searched in the”NINJAL-LWP for BCCWJ" to collect and analyze”を格"example sentences containing modify nouns and modified verbs"V+あげる".Results show that the modify nouns can be divided into the following abstract classes:"concrete things(objects)","the subject of human activities(persons)","human activities(things)","abstract relation(things)",which becomes abstraction gradually according to the sequence of "objects" → "persons" → "things".The more abstract the"V+あげる"is,the more easily it can be matched with abstract nouns.On the basis of summarizing the analysis results,from the viewpoint of Japanese education,the following two ideas are proposed on the teaching method of "V+あげる":(1)making the image schema by applying cognitive semantics will help students understand the relevance and derivation of every semanteme of "V+あげる".(2)combining the modify nouns and modified verbs "V+あげる" as a whole by applying collocation theory will help students improve the correct rate of using "V+あげる".The above research results will enlighten Japanese education in「V+あげる」.