The Conversion And Cost On Language Of The Bilinguals

In daily communication,people hope can more quickly understand what others said,but the bilingual or multilingual produces in the process of conversion of language recognition,this bilingual from the current use of one language into another language phenomenon by the morning(2016),such as people known as the language transformation(language switch),back in1992,this phenomenon has been Grosjean called language switching.In the process of language transformation,when bilinguals are currently using word is different from before belongs to a kind of language,the vocabulary is the time to be slower than under the condition of the same language,Kolers(1996)referred to as conversion cost(witching costs).In other words,the conversion cost of the language(L1)refers to the difference between the time difference or error rate between the language(L1)conversion test(trail)and(L1).The conference of world linguists points out that active measures should be taken to protect endangered minority languages.The meeting was once again an upsurge of minority language research.For a long period of time in the middle of the language transformation can promote bilingual executive function,so that the bilingual advantage in inhibition of language ability,this advantage by Kroll and Bialystok(2013)referred to as the "bilingual advantage of cognitive effect".Language proficiency is one of the most important factors affecting language transformation.In the study of language proficiency,previous studies have concluded that the conversion cost of skilled bilinguals from L2 to L1 is greater than that of L1 to L2.The conversion costs of non-proficiency bilinguals from L1 to L2 are more expensive than the conversion costs of L2 to L1.However,after changing some conditions,such as the time interval,the conversion cost of language changes.In life,there are a lot of such a situation,some of the Mongolian students in university than later choose the post office has nothing to do with the Mongolian language,as a result they don't contact Mongolian during work,only the use ofMongolian language in daily communication dialogue,their contact for the Mongolian script significantly reduced,this is their language conversion what happens? Will words be forgotten?Like a pen?To solve above problems,this study adopts the animal word lexical decision paradigm,through two experiments to solve "different proficiency in bilingual whether there is language advantage,whether to produce different language conversion costs,as well as the phenomenon of language and words have forgotten".In this paper,the language conversion and its cost of chinese-english non-fluent bilingual were studied.Experiment 2 by comparing the school and the school of the skilled chinese bilingual language transformation and its cost,investigate the advantage of language transformation,aims to explore left mother tongue writing environment,transformation of native language text and its cost.Experimental results show that in the Chinese-English unskilled bilingual as the research object,the response to the Chinese(L1)quickly in response to the English language(L2)(p <0.001),among them,when the target language is Chinese(L1)of the reaction time was the fastest conversion sequence followed by the target language for the transformation of Chinese(L1)sequence and the target language to English(L2)conversion sequence,the longest response time are the target language to English(L2)of the conversion sequence.It is also found that there is a significant difference between the conversion cost of Chinese and the conversion cost of English(p=0.025),resulting in asymmetric language conversion costs.According to the results of experiment 2 in Mongolian-chinese bilingual skilled as the research object,also found that both the school and the school of the skilled mongolian-chinese bilingual reaction to Chinese(L2)writing are quick in response to the Mongolian text(L1)(p <0.001),and the reaction conversion sequence significantly faster than the reaction time of the conversion sequence(the chinese school bilingual skilled,p = 0.006;In the school,the bilingual person,p=0.002.Results also found that of the proficient bilingual chinese language conversion costs appear symmetry(p = 0.112),further found that the conversion price of Chinese text in the skilled chinese bilingual school or not there is no significant difference(p = 0.379),but the Mongolian text conversion price in chinese bilingual skilled or not there are differences in school,the school of the skilled bilinguals chinese Mongolian conversion cost is greater than the school of the skilled bilinguals chinese Mongolian conversion cost(p = 0.056),and not in the school of the skilled bilinguals chinese significantly slow reaction time as qualified skilled bilinguals chinese reaction(p = 0.004).In other words,relative to the school and Mongolian bilingual skilled,not in the school of the cooked chinese bilingual on Mongolian characters recognition when produced greater cost,namely the individual's response to character recognition for a longtime,the delay phenomenon of mother tongue character recognition.In addition,when comparing the language proficiency of language transformation and the impact of cost,skilled bilingual language transformation cost significantly less than the unskilled bilingual(p = 0.006),conversion types also exist significant differences on language proficiency(conversion sequences,p = 0.030;Non-conversion sequence,p<0.001),appeared the bilingual advantage phenomenon.To sum up,the following conclusions are drawn from this paper: non-proficient Chinese and English bilinguals and skilled mongolians-chinese both produce asymmetric language conversion costs.Compared with the unskilled Chinese and English bilingual,the bilingual advantage of Mongolian-Chinese is very good.Mongolian-chinese bilingual skilled in language transformation against the phenomenon of mother tongue is preferred,and leave the mother tongue words environment of individuals in the native language of word conversion is always in the native language text environment produced individual character recognition lag phenomenon,namely has forgotten on the native language text.