Research On The Commercial Culture Of Huizhou Village In Agricultural Cultivation Period

Huizhou commercial culture was prosperous during Agricultural Cultivation Period,which has attracted much attention.However,less research was focused on the village scale.Thus,Huizhou commercial culture,as one of the important traits,cannot be fully reflected under the tourism development of Huizhou traditional villages.Many people believed that the cultural protection and inheritance of Huizhou traditional villages should analyze the wealth culture through material aspects including ancient dwellings,ancient archways and ‘three carvings',but it is difficult to establish the connection between village-scale commercial culture and Huizhou merchants and it is unfavorable to the further understanding of the spiritual connotation of Huizhou culture.As a result,this paper,based on the previous research on the commercial activities during Agricultural Cultivation Period and the field research on two typical Huizhou traditional villages(Chengkan Village and Lingshan Village),discusses the traits and formation mechanism of commercial culture in Huizhou villages during Agricultural Cultivation Period,which hopes to provide some useful references for a deep understanding of the industrial activities and cultural psychological features of Huizhou villages.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter mainly introduces research background,objectives and significance,main contents and the innovation points of the research.The second chapter is literature review,focusing on the relevant researches of the commercial culture and villages in Huizhou during Agricultural Cultivation Period.The third chapter is theoretical analysis,which analyzes the formation mechanism of the commercial culture in Huizhou village based on the analysis of the formation mechanism of the commercial activities during Agricultural Cultivation Period.The fourth chapter introduces the research scheme,including the selection of the case(Chengkan Village and Lingshan Village)and the research progress,etc.The fifth chapter is empirical analysis,which analyzes the traits of commercial culture and its formation mechanism in those two typical villages during Agricultural Cultivation Period.The sixth chapter is conclusion and discussion.The paper finds that the development of commercial activities during Agricultural Cultivation Period was mostly the result of social productivity,labor division,and the decrease in transaction costs,which also cause corresponding changes in cultural values and institutional environment.In other words,commercial culture,during Agricultural Cultivation Period,is a cultural complex that contains many cultural qualities at the level of spirit,system,and artifacts.Besides,large-scale commercial activities are less likely to occur in places where the agricultural output meets people's needs for survival.‘Huizhou people rely on business ' is mainly due to the mechanical growth of large-scale populations and then the overall agricultural output in ancient Huizhou can't meet people's needs for survival which promote the intensive development of agriculture and the protection of forest resources.However,it is difficult to increase the large-scale growth of commercial and trade activities caused by productivity and labor division.Therefore,the ancient Huizhou villages are less likely to have large-scale commercial activities.Also,there may be a lack of transportation environment and institutional environment that can help reduce transaction costs.At the same time,the outside business activities for the large number of Huizhou people together with the prevalence of clan culture may promote the formation of local value that contributes to the development of commercial activities.The field research on two typical Huizhou traditional villages(Chengkan Village and Lingshan Village)shows that there exist no large-scale commercial activities during the historical period,which is primarily due to the food self-sufficiency caused by the intensive land use as well as the fact that some people went out for business.In addition,strict rules and regulations in the forest protection and relatively backward transportation environment limit the development of large-scale commercial activities.Surprisingly,local villagers did not exclude business culture.Instead,they formed the special values towards loyalty and benefits,which creates a favorable environment for villagers to go out for business activities,and then forms the famous group of Huizhou businessmen during Agricultural Cultivation Period.