Implicitness And Explicitness

In recent years,frequent natural disasters and prominent social problems have triggered people’s eager attention to philanthropy and the urgent need for its assistance.However,due to the unsound legislative supervision mechanism and social security system,the whole society witnesses undesirable real conditions in the Chinese philanthropic undertakings.Hence,Disrupting Philanthropy: Technology and the Future of the Social Sector provides a useful reference for China to learn advanced American experience in this aspect and break down its bottleneck for further development.The translation task is an excerpt from Disrupting Philanthropy,initiated by a publishing house,and the purpose for the translation is to improve the degree of explicitness in the target text,thus achieving a more readable version for the ordinary people.Based on the definition put forward by Shuttleworth & Moira and relevant scholars and professors’ research about explicitness theory at home and abroad,the key to explicitness is not just the code-switching,while the external shell of language is dissociated and then actual senses and meanings appear in the translated text.According to an analysis of the source text with a variety of explicit means,various approaches like emergence of default values,elimination of ambiguity,and focalization of textual point of view are employed.The reason lies that the two cognitive frames share a little in common,and the absence of corresponding culture or unique linguistic forms may cause misunderstandings.Consequently,to narrow the cognitive distance and make up for cultural missing links,through proper explanation and supplement,the implicit ST message is presented by the explicit target language symbols.Moreover,it is the process of explicitness that the translator actively participates in the whole process.In inputting and integrating information,it is necessary to identify different grammatical structures and conceptual structures of the two languages,which can result in achieving explicitness by discourse reconstruction and determination of the vague information’s boundary.In addition,the emphasisshould be attached to selecting and combining information to highlight the point of view,which plays a key role in the development of discourse,and for the frustrated force of point of view,it’s important to reconstruct and filter information so as to achieve textual coherence.These three explicitness approaches enhance the readability and appreciation of the translated version and meet the reading requirements of the social science reference book.