Research On The Concept Of Virtue In Spring And Autumn Period

In the Spring and Autumn Period,"Ritual collapse and music destruction" is an era in which princes struggle for hegemony and war is continuing.At the same time,new ideological elements and components are active in this era,among which"virtue" is one.There have been many studies on it in the past,but in the past studies in this field,the generality between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Western Zhou Dynasty has been overemphasized,while the individuality and particularity of the Spring and Autumn Period has been neglected.In addition,the collation of new material bronze also opens up a new space for this research field,which leaves the writing room for this paper.This paper focuses on the evolution of the concept of "virtue" in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty,the relationship between "destiny" and "virtue" in the Spring and Autumn Period,andlnternal Affairs and Diplomacy of the Spring and Autumn Patriarchal Law.The first chapter mainly explains the concept of "virtue" in Yin,Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.We believe that "virtue" means "ascension" before the Spring and Autumn Period,that is,ascending the action of the world to the ancestors of the heavens,and judging the behavior of clan members or other clan rulers by their ancestors;"virtue of King Wen" represents the concept of "virtue" in the early Western Zhou Dynasty,and the "virtue" of the ancestors of the Royal officials of the Zhou Dynasty is attached to the "virtue" of the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty;in the Spring and Autumn With the gradual decline of the real political level of the Zhou Royal family,the "virtue" of the Zhou royal family was challenged by the state of the princes,and the "virtue" appeared a downward phenomenon.In the Spring and Autumn Period,the "virtue of King Wen" in the Western Zhou Dynasty was transformed,the attribute of "being destined by heaven" was eliminated,and the"virtue" in the level of national political measures was transformed into the requirement of personal morality.The second chapter mainly explains the trend of the concept of "destiny" in the Spring and Autumn Period from concentrating on the royal family to competing for"matching heaven with virtue" in various princes and states,and how this trend has influenced the rise of the concept of "virtue".We believe that in the eyes of people in the Spring and Autumn Period,the image of "Tian" is very negative.It is a force of personality,which can exert tremendous influence on the order of the world.However,it does not have a stable value orientation.At that time,when people treated it,they maintained a kind of moral requirement of awe and vigilance against their own power and interests.The third chapter mainly explains the relationship between "morality" and internal affairs and diplomacy in the Spring and Autumn Period.In the Spring and Autumn Period,when the princes actually dealt with the kinship relations between countries and within the princes countries,they chose to replace the original principle of "kinship" with "virtue",and practiced the principle of "virtue" in the succession of the throne;in the Spring and Autumn Period,they adhered to the principle of "virtue" and "punishment","virtue" and "benefit" in the internal affairs.On the topic,"virtue" comes from dominant position;the principle of "virtue"requires rulers to inherit the "virtue" of their ancestors,recognize the system of the Western Zhou Dynasty,and insist on cultivating the "virtue" of their subordinates;the "virtue" is an important principle of the Spring and Autumn period hegemony,and the policy of the monarch in international diplomacy in the Spring and Autumn Period will affect the attitude of his own people,thus affecting the military and political activities.