The Research Of Settlements Archaeology In Xia-shang-zhou Period In The Area Of The Upper And Middle Sishui River

In the Pre-Qin period,the middle and upper reaches of Sishui River was an important cultural area in Southern Shandong with rich cultural connotations.During the Xia-Shang-Zhou Period,the settlement pattern was more complicated,and The settlement level is clearly differentiated.Therefore,archaeological excavations and researches have been done over the years,and rich archaeological materials have been accumulated.Firstly,according to the typology,stratigraphy and some scholars' views,this paper classifies the pottery of some sites in the Xia-Shang-Zhou Period,and tries to establish the staging framework of the middle and upper reaches of Sishui River period.From the perspective of settlement archaeology,ARCGIS and other software were used to observe and summarize the clustering of the settlements in the middle and upper reaches of Sishui River in each period,and to classify the settlements in different settlements in combination with archaeological materials.Combined with archaeology,literature and other data,the settlement forms of each period other than Yueshi Culture were discussed in stages,and the changes of settlement patterns and social conditions during the Xia-Shang-Zhou Period were summarized.Finally,try to analyze the reasons for the change of settlement morphology.This article is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly introduces the background of the topic,the natural environment and climate in the region,the research methods and purpose of this paper.The second chapter,based on typology and stratigraphy,combined with the views of some scholars,generally established the staging framework of the middle and upper reaches of Sishui River in the Xia-Shang-Zhou Period.The Yueshi culture in the middle and upper reaches of Sishui River is divided into three phases.The Shang Dynasty is divided into three phases and five segments.The Western Zhou Dynasty is divided into three phases and six segments,and the Eastern Zhou period is divided into six segments.The third chapter,based on the theoretical methods of settlement archaeology,studies the changes in the form of settlements in the region,and combines the main reasons for historical analysis.The settlements of Yueshi cultural can be divided into two levels,but the first-level settlement has no control.In the Shang Dynasty,a large number of bronzes were unearthed,and the form of settlements changed obviously.The early and late settlements can be divided into three levels.The medium-term is the weak period,which can be divided into two levels.The forefoot large site becomes the dominant center of the merchant “kingdom” in the Southern Shandong.During the Western Zhou Dynasty,the settlement form centered on the capital city of the princes appeared,and the interior of the settlement was more specialized.At the same time,the settlement system was more complete,and the settlement could be divided into four levels.During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty,the multi-central settlements continued,and the secondary towns appeared one after another.The settlements were divided into four levels.The internal specialization and centralization of the capital were more obvious.The large countries in the region formed a multi-level networked settlement structure.The business and strategy of the Shang Dynasty is the main reason for the change of the settlement form;During the Western Zhou Dynasty,the Division of princes and the Zhou Ren immigrated,resulting in a large change in the form of settlement;the military war between the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the great powers,the countries in the region were eventually unified by the Qin State.Overall,the number and scale of settlements from Yueshi to Dongzhou showed an upward trend.Except for the area south of Lishui,most of the settlements were distributed in areas close to rivers with lower elevations,along rivers such as Zhushui,Xueshui and Huoshui.Cluster distribution.The distribution of settlements is greatly affected by rivers and is little affected by topographic factors.The fourth chapter is the conclusion.First of all,the full text is summarized,and the main contents of the full text are summarized in three parts.Secondly,based on objective and subjective factors,the shortcomings of this paper are summarized.Finally,combined with the shortcomings of this paper and the research content,the possible research directions in the future are discussed.