The Study Of Differentiation And Grammaticalization Of "Lai De" In Modern Chinese

“Lai de” is used more frequently in modern Chinese.“Lai de” is usually regarded as a literal verb and compared with “go”,which means “from other place to the place where the speaker is” or “(problem or matter happened)”.“De” is a structural auxiliary word.“Lai de” is a dynamic complement structure.In the Dictionary of Modern Chinese(7th Edition),“Lai de” is included for word,indicating that “lai de” has been lexicalized.This paper takes “lai de” as the object of study to explore the development process of “lai de” Lexicalization and grammaticalization,and tries to find out the connection between “lai” and “de”.This paper includes the following five parts.The first chapter is the introduction,which introduces the research object and significance of this paper as well as the previous research results of “lai” and “de”.What's more,it points out which direction can be further studied.The second chapter studies the differentiation of “lai de” in modern Chinese.On the synchronic plane,“lai de” is divided into five different situations.Compared with five different “lai de”,we try to sum up the similarities and differences of “lai de”.The third chapter studies the usage and evolution of “lai” in “lai de”.The author points out that the modern verb “lai” is the key period for the lexicalization of “lai de”.Therefore,we study the usage of Substitute verb “lai”,including syntax,semantic analysis and diachronic analysis.Syntactically,“lai” is divided into three cases: with or without object and followed by quantitative phrases.In terms of semantics,this paper analyzes the process of the “lai” and its semantic extension of the real verb,the “lai” of the preceding term in the conjunctive structure,and the “lai” process of the substitute verb.At the diachronic level,the format of NP to V/VP and NP PP to V/VP is found.The fourth chapter studies the usage and evolution of “de” in “lai de”.The vanity of “de” is another important factor in lexicalization of “lai de”.It is divided into three sections: grammaticalization in the scope of notional words;grammaticalization of notional words to function words;grammaticalization of verb-oriented auxiliary words;grammaticalization of internal components of structural auxiliary words.The result and performance of grammaticalization of “de” are summarized.The fifth chapter studies the grammaticalization of “lai” in modern Chinese.A diachronic analysis of “lai” shows the corresponding relationship between “lai de” in modern Chinese and “lai de” in ancient Chinese.The sixth chapter is the conclusion and to summarize the full paper and points out the deficiency in the research.