A Study On The Government Of Kaifeng In The Ming Dynasty

Zhifu is called "herdsman official",which is closely related to the national economy and people's livelihood.The administrative ability of Zhifu will have a great impact on its ruling areas.Kaifeng Zhifu is the chief official of Kaifeng prefecture.Kaifeng has many prefectures and counties under its jurisdiction,and the Yellow River floods frequently,which deeply tests the ruling ability of the principal officials who serve here.Statistics Wanli "Kaifeng Zhifu",Yongzheng "Henan Tongzhi",Kangxi "Kaifeng Zhifu" the number of Kaifeng Zhifu 74 people.Through textual research,the first governor of Kaifeng government in Ming Dynasty should be Song Mian,not Wang Bo,confirming that there were 75 people in Kaifeng prefecture.Through the identity structure of Kaifeng prefecture.Cheng carries on the statistical analysis,from which can see the Ming Dynasty Kaifeng Zhifu group characteristic.From the point of view of Jibie,there are 34 people,22 military nationals,2 officials,3 craftsmen and 1 cook(salt),accounting for 55%,35%,5%,3% and 2%,respectively,reflecting the diversity of the types of Jibie of Kaifeng prefecture in Ming Dynasty.It is dominated by people,followed by military membership.From the point of view of Jiguan,the place of Jiguan of Kaifeng Zhifu in Ming Dynasty covered two Capital and eight chief directors,and concentrated in South and North Zhili,Shandong and Shanxi,showing the characteristics of more north than south,and the official office tended to be selected from the province.From the point of view of origin,the early Ming Dynasty elected officials regardless of qualification,after orthodoxy,the only scholars,different backgrounds,in the level of initial official posts showed an obvious division of levels,the higher the fame,the higher the official position,the faster the promotion speed.The Ming Dynasty was a period of high centralization of autocracy.As the middle leadership of the administrative bureaucracy,Zhifu needed to be "handed down",and its relocation and demotion reflected the central government's control and utilization of the local government.On the contrary,it can reflect the political operation within the Ming Dynasty from the side.From the Kaifeng government before,in-service and after the three stages to investigate,from the overall grasp of Kaifeng Zhifu official experience.Among them,promotion and adjustment are the main transfer modes of Kaifeng Zhifu in Ming Dynasty in the two stages of pre-service and post-service.In the final Ming Dynasty,Kaifeng prefecture had a total of 75 people,with an average term of office of 3.69 years,bounded by Hongzhi's first year(1488).Before Hongzhi,how long did Kaifeng prefecture hold office;after Hongzhi,Kaifeng Zhifu term of office roughly tended to three years.In the early Ming Dynasty,the ruler's focus on Kaifeng Zhifu administration was to placate the place,persuade farmers to mulberry,open up fields and rest and recuperate.After the middle of Ming Dynasty,the society gradually bred corrupt forces,local giants and hidden fields,the rulers began to choose honest and honest government to crack down on corrupt officials and people,and to strengthen the forces of the gentry.In the late Ming Dynasty,the rulers converged on the administrative tasks of the local officials,and finally led to the increasing decline of politics,and the Ming Dynasty gradually came to an end.Most Kaifeng Zhifu can exercise due diligence during his tenure of office for the benefit of the people.Concrete performance In the diligent and loving the people,honest and public;on the matter,up and down reputation;attach importance to education,repair facilities;fight against strong vassals,restrain Haoxu;attach importance to agriculture,deal with river disasters and so on.