A Study Of Determinative Sentence In Chao Ye Qian Zai

With the continuous development of the study on the history of Chinese,grammar research goes into a more specific and specialized period.As a kind of independent sentence,determinative sentence has distinctive features,and it is more complicated and varied in ancient times.Most of the studies on determinative sentence are concentrated upon ancient times,the study on development of determinative sentence from mediaeval period to the near ancient times especially the Tang Dynasty is still insufficient."Chao Ye Qian Zai" in the Tang Dynasty is half-vernacular,and it has great value on historical materials,which can provide strong reliability for the study on determinative sentence from mediaeval period to the near ancient times,by analyzing the different expressions of determinative sentence,it can enrich and complement the study on the characteristics of determinative sentence in the Tang Dynasty,which enables us to get a clear understanding of the development of determinative sentence from mediaeval period to the near ancient times,and provide a basis for the study on the grammatical history in the Tang Dynasty,in turn,it can also help with the analyses about "Chao Ye Qian Zai",the value of historical materials and the absorption of benefit.There are 201 determinative sentences without copulas in "Chao Ye Qian Zai".Among them,there are more sentences with "zhe"(?)and "ye"(?),which include141 cases,and can be divided into "subject + predicate + ye(?)","subject + zhe(?)+ predicate","subject + zhe(?)+ predicate + ye(?)","subject + adverb + predicate+ ye(?)","subject + zhe(?)+ adverb + predicate" and "subject + zhe(?)+ adverb +predicate + ye(?)".In addition,there are fewer sentences without "zhe"(?)and "ye"(?),which include 60 cases,and can be divided into "subject + predicate" and "subject + adverb + predicate".There are 80 determinative sentences with copulas in "Chao Ye Qian Zai".Among them,there are 22 sentences with copula "wei"(?),according to the adverb and "ye"(?),they are divided into "subject + wei(?)+ predicate","subject + wei(?)+ predicate + ye(?)" and "subject + adverb + wei(?)+ predicate".There are 58 sentences with copula "shi"(?),according to the adverb and "ye"(?),they are divided into "subject + shi(?)+ predicate","subject + shi(?)+ predicate + ye(?)","subject + adverb + shi(?)+ predicate" and "subject + adverb + shi(?)+ predicate +ye(?)".The sentences with "zhe"(?)and "ye"(?)in "Chao Ye Qian Zai" are unusual in frequency,which is higher than many documents compared with cotemporary period and even the Six Dynasties,it is a little archaistic,and the causation is worth further discussing.in addition,the semantic relationship of the sentences with "zhe"(?)and "ye"(?)fit with the trend of increasing the usage of evaluation,causation and explanation in mediaeval period.The sentences with copula "wei"(?)are normal and decadent,but their negative forms of "wei"(?)are rare before,which may come from assimilation of negative forms of "shi"(?).The frequency of the sentences with copula "shi"(?)is lower than determinative sentences without copulas,but higher than the sentences with copula "wei"(?),at the same time,their predicate compositions are more complicated,the predicate proportion of the non-nominal component increases,and the negative forms of "shi"(?)are more common,which reflect the further development of the sentences with copula "shi"(?)in the Tang Dynasty.