| Peer relationship,which is a kind of interpersonal relationship formed in the process of communication between an individual and his peers of the same age or similar age,is an important content of the Guidelines for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6.As the “important others” of young children,the parenting style is the most direct way to have an impact on the development and social adaptation of young children.Previous studies have found that the differences between father-child and mother-child interaction,and the division of labor and roles of father and mother in the family,which may make fathers' and mothers' parenting styles play different roles in the development of children's peer relationship.Meanwhile,“Ternary interaction theory” proposes that internal factors and external factors have complex interaction in the process of individual development.As an internal factor,theory of mind has an important influence not only on children's peer relationship,but also on their understanding of parenting styles,thus might affect the influence of parenting styles on children's peer relationship.Therefore,this thesis aimed to explore the different roles of fathers' parenting styles and mothers' parenting styles in children's peer relationship,as well as the interaction between fathers' parenting styles and mothers' parenting styles and young children's theory of mind on peer relationship.The participants consisted of 310 preschool children(170 boys,140 girls,M =4.76 years old,SD = 0.75)and their parents.Each child was asked to nominate three“favorite” and “least liked” classmates,namely,positive peer nomination and negative peer nomination,and to complete two unexpected location tasks and two unexpected content tasks to measure their theory of mind.General language ability was tested by Comprehensive Vocabulary Semantic Assessment Tool(PPVT).In addition,parents of children were asked to fill in the revised Parenting Style Dimensions Questionnaire(PSDQ)of Robinson independently.The results showed that:1.Fathers' and mothers' authoritative parenting style significantly predicted children's positive peer nomination,and fathers' authoritarian parenting style can predict children's positive peer nomination marginally;2.The interaction between theory of mind and fathers' permissive parenting style was significant on the negative nomination of young children's peers: for children with low levels of theory of mind,fathers' permissive parenting style predicted children's negative nomination positively but not for those with high levels of theory of mind;The interaction between theory of mind and the mothers' authoritarian played a significant role in the positive nomination of young children's peers: for the children with low levels of theory of mind,mothers' authoritarian parenting style negatively predicted their children's positive nomination rather than for those with high levels of theory of mind.The interaction between theory of mind and mothers' authoritative parenting style was significant for young children's negative nomination:for children with low levels of theory of mind,mothers' authoritative parenting style predicted their negative nomination negatively.It shows that the fathers' and mothers' parenting styles made different effects on their children's peer relationship,and the positive parenting style had a positive predictive effect on the peer relationship of young children as a whole,while the negative parenting style was the opposite.And the interaction between parental parenting styles and theory of mind indicated that the young children with good theory of mind can buffer or even eliminate the adverse effects of negative parenting styles on children's peer relationship.This thesis not only enriches the research on parenting style,theory of mind and peer relationship of children,but also provides theoretical guidance for parents to raise children scientifically. |
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