Spreading And Acceptance Of Zuo Si's Yong Shi In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Zuo Si's eight poems of Yong Shi has already been appraised in the history of poetry criticism,although this evaluation is not invariable,it has its historical transmutation process.Among them,the Ming and Qing dynasties were the formative period for Zuo Si's Yong Shi.There are many comments on it in various poems and other materials.The point of view is gradually consistent,at the same time it also shows the numerous and specific variation.This dissertation discusses the acceptance of Zuo Si's eight poems of Yong Shi in the context of the poetics of the Ming and Qing dynasties,basing on the existing research results,in order to show the characteristics of Zuo Si's eight poems of Yong Shi in the Ming and Qing dynasties,and to highlight the position of Zuo Si's poetry in the Ming and Qing dynasties by comparing him with Pan and Lu's elevation.The number of Zuo Si's works handed down is not large,comparing with other poets of the Taikang period.The spread of Zuo Si's poems and essays mainly depended on the collection of anthologies,genre books and other literature.There are fourteen poems in total,including eight poems of Yong Shi,two poems of Zhao Yin Shi and one poem of Za Shi.Yu Tai Xin Yong included a poem of Jiao Nv,in addition,Yi Wen Lei Ju included two four-word poems of Dao Li Zeng Mei.Another residual sentence said: "Liang xi shi wei lang,qin bing bu gan chu;Li mu wei zhao jiang,jiang chang de qing mi",which contained in Bei Tang Shu Chao volume one hundred and nineteenth martial arts department.That entitled Zuo Si's Yong Shi and not belonging to any one of the eight,therefore it can be seen that Yong Shi may be more than eight.His indite mainly include Qi Du Fu,Bai Fa Fu and San Du Fu.Zuo Si ji began to be lost in the Song dynasty,experienced the Yuan and Ming dynasties,but appear again in the Qing dynasty.Generally speaking,the number of extant poems and odes written by Zuo Si is far less than that of "three Zhangs,two Lus and two Pans" in Taikang period of the Western Jin dynasty,however,his influence on later generations was much higher than other poets in Taikang period.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,the acceptance of the eight poems in Zuo Si's Yong Shi was mainly based on the forms of poems,comments,prefaces and postscripts.This dissertation analyzes and explains the text of eight poems in Zuo Si's Yong Shi,then the origin and aesthetic style of this group of poems.As far as the origin of poetry is concerned,Hu Yinglin believed that the institutional form of overlapping historical events in Zuo Si's Yong Shi originated in Du Zhi's Zeng Wu Qiu Jian,which statement gained recognitions from Feng Fujing.Some scholars pointed out that Yong Shi influenced by Cao Zhi.As far as the style is concerned,the critics of Ming and Qing dynasties have questioned and discussed "It originated in Gong Gan" by Zhong Rong's Shi Pin.Some thought Liu Zhen and Zuo Si's experience and depressed mood have similarities,and some considered Zhong Rong's ward only concerned the external appearance of poetry,so it was unconvincing.Since that Zuo Si followed the example of Liu Zhen was not sure,scholars began to search for a more practical teacher and source for the eight poems in Yong Shi.Although Zuo Si's poems are of the ancient style of the Han and Wei dynasties,it had a certain coarse and uncarved.The Classicist School takes the Han and Wei ancient poems as their sect,and prefers heroic poetic style,which is the common recognition of Zuo Si's poetic style.The theory of essence has become a mature literary theory in Ming and Qing dynasties.Under the background of pursuing the poetic nature,scholars in the Ming and Qing dynasties distinguished the eight poems in Zuo Si's Yong Shi from the traditional epics with no embellish.The orthodox history poetry pays attention to the description of historical facts and the characterization of characters,but the history poetry created by Zuo Si selected the historical deeds consistent with the poet's sentiments,taked the subject emotion as the thread,connected the historical facts,and formed the perfect combination of emotion and historical facts.On this basis,it also extended the heated discussion on whether the creation of poems about Yong Shi should involve discussion.But there are also some arguer who hold the neutral view,thought it will lose the beauty of poetry's beauty by implication,if the poetic speculation is too much.Nevertheless,the poet selects the historical fact and sentiment to write the poem,which again has to involve discussion.The Classicist School took archaism in Han and Wei dynasties as its banner,which triggered a trend of people's creation and appreciation of pseudo-archaism.Therefore,in the comparison with Lu Ji's Ni Gu Shi,Zuo Si's unique style of eight poems in Yong Shi is highlighted.Based on their respective poetic ideas,Hu Yinglin and Xu Xueyi believed that Zuo Si could maintain the inheritance of the Han and Wei dynasties in the era of the decline of ancient five-character.In contrast,Pan and Lu were criticized that their poem were too ostentatious.Both of them believed that Zuo Si had a higher position than Lu Ji in the history of poetry,and they also saw the importance of Lu Ji in initiated the poetic style of the Six dynasties.In addition,the reversionists in the Qing dynasty paid more attention to the influence of character on poetry,so they criticized Pan Yue's poetry from the Confucian view of "Poetry is like its poet".