The Governance Of Hebei Area In The Northern Wei Dynasty

The Northern Wei Dynasty established by Tuoba Xianbei is the first ethnic minority regime in Chinese history that ruled the northern region for a long time.It plays an important role in the development of the Chinese nation.Hebei area is of great importance in the vast territory of the Northern Wei Dynasty.The rise,development and demise of the Northern Wei Dynasty are closely related to the Hebei area.Combing the historical facts and studying the strategies and means of governing Hebei in the Northern Wei Dynasty,which help us further understand the governance in the Northern Wei Dynasty.This thesis is divided into three chapters in chronological order.The first chapter describes the establishment of the Hebei's governance system in the early Northern Wei Dynasty.Firstly,it introduces the beginning and ending when the Emperor Daowu of the Northern Wei occupied Hebei.Then combs the preliminary administering measures in Hebei,and finally elaborates the contribution of Hebei area in the Northern Wei Dynasty.During this period,this governance system satisfies the basic ruling needs,and it is characterized by clear governance objectives,diverse governance methods,and rude governance.The second chapter shows the studies of the optimization process of the governance system in Hebei area in the middle period of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Firstly,the rulers in the Northern Wei Dynasty adjusted the economic policy according to the changes of the situation.Then,based on the convergenceof the Xianbei nobles and the Han people,the paper analyzes the influence of the redistribution of interests within the ruling class on regional governance.Finally we sort out the specific governance measures took by local officials in Hebei.During this period,this governance system consolidated the rule over the Hebei in the Northern Wei Dynasty,which is characterized by a mature governance system,outstanding governance effects,and hidden crises under governance.The third chapter shows the reasons for the collapse of the governance system in Hebei area in the late Northern Wei Dynasty.With the analysis of historical data,it reveals that the ruling class,the influence of war and nature calamities has intensified social contradictions,which led to the outbreak of the Hebei uprisingand the final collapse of this governance system.During this period,this governance system showed the characteristics of weak governance and lack of governance.Generally speaking,the governance of Hebei area in the Northern Wei Dynasty is a process of constant adjustment due to time and situation,and it presents different characteristics in different periods.As a regime established by ethnic minorities,the Northern Wei Dynasty ruled Hebei for more than 130 years,which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of its governance.