Study On The Mathematical Chungin And Their Clans During The Middle Period Of Joseon Korea(1657-1868)

For mathematical chungin(literally means middle people)during the middle period of Joseon Korea,this dissertation follows the from-macro-to-micro academic path.At the macro level,it studies three parts.The first is the changes of the political and social status of mathematical Chungin during the whole Joseon Times.The next is the development of mathematical educational and official system in Joseon Korea.The last is the work and promotion system of mathematical officials.At the micro level,based on the collection,censuses and analysis of a large number of mathematicians' working files,gradually focused on the pedigrees of three important Korean mathematical clans:Family Gyeong(Cheongju Gyeongssi),Family Hong(Namyang Hongssi)and Family I(Habcheon Issi),which are finished by original,this thesis analyzes the source and composition of Joseon Korean Chungin mathematical clans in this period and their social communication patterns among clan.And then,investigating the impact of their social contact on the formation of Joseon Korean mathematics social class.Based on discussion above,this paper is mainly divided into four sections.The first section is definite some concepts related to this object,introduce the historical background,as well as study the processes and changes of mathematical Chungin in the former and middle period of Joseon Korea.Meanwhile,we think that there is a good international and domestic environment and a good academical foundation for the mathematical development of Joseon Dynasty.The second section is to examine the main skeleton of mathematical Chungin's educational and cultivation system and to learn the brief history of the determination of official positions.We suggest that there are three stages inside this period,namely pioneering stage,molding stage and development stage.From King Taejo to King Sejong,the Joseon Korean mathematical educational system is gradually emerging from the Goryeo Korea and creates a variety of mathematical ranks.In the reign of King Sejong,Joseon Korean Mathematics has reached its peak.From King Sejo to King Seongjong,promulgating Gyeongguk daejeon makes the system about mathematical education and positions both reveal the character of “institutionalized”,but the level of arithmetic has declined compared with that of King Sejong period.During the reign of King Yeongjo and King Jeongjo,these two kings renew kingdom's codes,reform the mathematical system,adjust national mathematical positions and expand its members.The third section is to explore the routine work of mathematical officers and the promotion system of Joseon Korea.We insist that Joseon Korean mathematical officers take all accounting services of their Kingdom.Besides,their routine has two parts,working in their own administrative setup and sent to work in other administration.At the same time,Joseon Korea exists a reasonable and ripe promotion system for mathematical officers.There are two ways that includes accounting services and academical research in their promotion processes.Moreover,they have the right to transfer to other jobs which may be connected to mathematics or not after they get retired,which makes mathematical officers contact with Chungin who work in other fields and lay an excellent foundation for the formation of Chungin social class.The fourth section is to collate and analyze the Chungin pedigrees of Family Gyeong(Cheongju Gyeongssi),Family Hong(Namyang Hongssi)and Family I(Habcheon Issi).And then,using above three clans as samples to research the origin and structure of mathematical clans in the middle times of Joseon Korea,even the social communication among these families.We believe that mathematical Chungin clans at that time are all derived originally from the Yangban families,and gradually become on a large scale after the developmentof several generations.Intermarriage is the main way of social communication among these clans.By marriage,the vast majority of arithmetic families are linked together,forming a Chungin arithmetic social class linked by blood.Besides,there are two special phenomena among these clans,namely “marriage in disorder” and “following maternal grandfather to learn mathematics”,which are beneficial for these clans to have a stable population and are conducive to the horizontal spread of mathematical knowledge among Chungin families.