The Study Of Supervising Secretary In The Tang Dynasty

The Central Official System of Tang Dynasty implements the system of three Departments and six ministries.Supervising Secretary's official rank or precedence after Director of the Chancellery and Vice Director of the Chancellery in the Department of Chancellors,and playing an indispensable and important role in Tang Dynasty politics.According to my incomplete statistics,the number of Supervising Secretary up to 380 in the Tang Dynasty.Among them,there are 331 people who have a clear time record or have been verified to determine the approximate time of appointment,and 49 people who cannot be examined for the specific time of appointment.When the imperial court selected and appointed the Supervising Secretary,it was mainly based on whether the candidate officials had profound knowledge and some technical expertise,the experience of serving at the grass-roots level and the experience of admonishing and discussing politics.Among them,Profound knowledge was the basic requirement for the Supervising Secretary's candidate officials,some technical expertise,the experience of serving at the grass-roots level and the experience of admonishing and discussing politics were the reference conditions for the Supervising Secretary's candidate officials.The promotion of the emperor and the recommendation of the prime minister were the main ways of serving the Tang Dynasty,and the promotion of the emperor was the main factor,supplemented by the recommendation of the prime minister.From the combination of the Supervising Secretary's duty was recorded by Tang Liu Dian and other historical books and the Supervising Secretary's specific examples of fulfilling the duty.In the Tang Dynasty,there were three main duties: refuting,advisory,admonishing and discussing politics and so on.The right of refuting was the most important duty of the Supervising Secretary in Tang Dynasty.From the Tang Dynasty's expression of the right of refuting in the imperial edict,the object of refuting includes not only the imperial edict issued by the emperor,but also the official documents submitted by the minister.From the statistical examples of refuting,it can be seen that the emperor would deal with the Supervising Secretary's refuting,and the result of refuting would be affected by many factors.The advisory was the most basic duty of the Supervising Secretary in Tang Dynasty.This can be reflected in the imperial edict documents of the Tang Dynasty and the examples contained in the two Tang Shu and other historical books.The duty of admonishing and discussing politics was mainly embodied by independent admonishingand discussing politics and participating in group ministers' deliberations.Some of the records about Supervising Secretary's duty in Tang Liu Dian and other historical books were not his duty,but the emissary post's duty.The types of Supervising Secretary's emissary post were more diverse in the Tang Dynasty.The work done while Supervising Secretary serving as the emissary post was not the original scope of responsibility.In addition,Supervising Secretary can serve as an emissary post that was related to having profound knowledge and technical expertise,often being around the emperor and being trusted and supported by the emperor.